Nursing Elites

1. Most evaluations are based on absolute judgment. This is:

• A. A standard set by an external source.
• B. The manager and staff's perceived notion.
• C. Internal standards.
• D. The manager's personal opinion.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The internal standard used in evaluations is the criteria set by the manager, reflecting what they perceive as reasonable and acceptable performance for the employee. Choice A is incorrect because the standard is internal, not set by an external source. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the collective perception of the manager and staff, rather than the internal standard. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to the manager's personal opinion, which may not always align with the internal standards set for evaluations.

2. Constant reports of inadequate pain control in clients indicate which of the following?

• A. Improper administration of medications
• B. Potential substance abuse by the healthcare provider
• C. Poorly written prescriptions
• D. Inadequate scheduling by healthcare providers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Constant reports of inadequate pain control may suggest potential substance abuse by the healthcare provider, as they might be diverting narcotics for personal use instead of administering them to clients. The incorrect choices include: A) Improper administration of medications may cause inadequate pain control but does not necessarily involve substance abuse. C) Poorly written prescriptions could lead to medication errors but are less likely to be related to substance abuse. D) Inadequate scheduling by healthcare providers might affect pain management but does not directly suggest substance abuse.

3. When a policy violation occurs, what are the necessary steps for the nurse manager? (EXCEPT)

• A. Describing the staff nurse's behavior that violated the policy
• B. Terminating the staff immediately
• C. Confrontation
• D. Determining the employee's awareness of the policy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a policy violation occurs, the necessary steps for the nurse manager include: describing the staff nurse's behavior that violated the policy, confrontation as a communication technique to address specific issues, and determining the employee's awareness of the policy. Terminating the employee immediately is not always the appropriate response to a policy violation, as there may be other corrective actions or interventions that can be taken to address the issue without resorting to termination. It is crucial to follow due process, provide guidance, and support to help employees understand and rectify their behavior.

4. Through which of the following methods are values learned?

• A. Reading books
• B. Formal degrees
• C. Continuous reinforcement
• D. Meeting diverse individuals

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Values are learned through continuous reinforcement, where behaviors are positively reinforced to instill values. Reading books (choice A) may expose individuals to different perspectives but doesn't necessarily lead to internalizing values. Formal degrees (choice B) provide education but may not directly teach values. Meeting diverse individuals (choice D) can broaden perspectives but doesn't guarantee learning specific values through reinforcement.

5. Which of the following are effective strategies to become more resilient? (EXCEPT)

• A. Exercising and avoiding high-fat foods.
• B. Managing time effectively.
• C. Becoming more self-aware.
• D. Deciding that your career is not your highest priority.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Resilience can be enhanced through various strategies such as exercising, managing time effectively, and becoming more self-aware. Deciding that your career is not your highest priority may not necessarily contribute to building resilience as it does not directly address the personal traits and coping mechanisms associated with resilience. This choice focuses more on prioritization rather than the specific skills and mindset needed to bounce back from challenges. Sherman's study (2004) highlighted the importance of self-awareness in preventing burnout among nurses, emphasizing the value of self-care and personal well-being in maintaining resilience.

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