Nursing Elites

1. Milk and other dairy products are preferred sources of calcium because lactose enhances calcium absorption.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. Milk and other dairy products are indeed preferred sources of calcium because they supply most of the available calcium. Additionally, lactose present in dairy products enhances calcium absorption, making them even more efficient sources of this essential mineral. The statement correctly identifies dairy products as preferred sources of calcium, and the reason explains how lactose contributes to better calcium absorption. The other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between lactose, calcium absorption, and the preference for dairy products as sources of calcium.

2. After cleaning the abrasions and applying antiseptic, the nurse applies a cold compress to the swollen ankle as ordered by the physician. This statement shows that the nurse has a correct understanding of the use of a cold compress:

• A. Cold compress reduces blood viscosity in the affected area
• B. It is safer to apply than a hot compress
• C. Cold compress prevents edema and reduces pain
• D. It eliminates toxic waste products due to vasodilation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.

3. What kinds of foods do people who live in food deserts typically lack?

• A. fresh fruits and vegetables
• B. energy-dense foods
• C. beef or pork products
• D. grains and cereals

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: Fresh fruits and vegetables are often unavailable in food deserts, where access to nutritious, perishable foods is limited. Choice B, energy-dense foods, is incorrect because these are more likely to be available in food deserts, contributing to health issues. Choice C, beef or pork products, is incorrect as the focus is on the lack of fresh produce. Choice D, grains and cereals, is incorrect as these are staple foods that are more commonly found even in areas classified as food deserts.

4. Which practice is a type of traditional Chinese medicine?

• A. magnet therapy
• B. acupuncture
• C. faith healing
• D. biofeedback

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acupuncture is a key practice in traditional Chinese medicine. It involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to balance energy flow and promote healing. Magnet therapy, faith healing, and biofeedback are not specifically associated with traditional Chinese medicine practices.

5. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

• A. Soybeans
• B. Grains
• C. Legumes
• D. Green vegetables

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soybeans are a good source of high-quality protein. They contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body. Grains, legumes, and green vegetables do not provide as much high-quality protein as soybeans. Grains and legumes are good sources of protein but may lack some essential amino acids, while green vegetables generally have lower protein content compared to soybeans.

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