match bile with its digestive action

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. What is the digestive action of bile?

A. It breaks down carbohydrates
B. It breaks down proteins
C. It breaks down lipids
D. It aids in fat digestion

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Bile, which is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of fats. It does this by emulsifying the fats, which makes them easier for the digestive enzymes, such as lipase, to break down. While choices A, B, and C could be seen as partially correct since fats are a type of lipid and the process of breaking down fats could be seen as breaking down lipids, the most accurate answer is D, as the primary function of bile is to aid in fat digestion, not the digestion of all types of lipids or the digestion of proteins or carbohydrates.

2. When assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on the following EXCEPT:

A. Amount of food and fluid taken during the last meal before treatment
B. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion
C. Teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure
D. Doctor's order regarding position restrictions and client's tolerance for lying flat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because when assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on various aspects such as the amount of food and fluid taken before treatment to prevent complications during the procedure, teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure correctly, and following the doctor's orders regarding position restrictions and the client's tolerance for lying flat. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion would be assessed during the procedure itself, not as part of the pre-assessment.

3. Which client is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12?

A. The client with malabsorption syndrome.
B. The client following a vegan eating pattern.
C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors.
D. The client with alcoholism.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12. Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Without intrinsic factor, the client cannot absorb vitamin B12 from food, necessitating the need for regular injections. Choices A, B, and D do not directly impact the production of intrinsic factors in the stomach, so they are less likely to result in the need for vitamin B12 injections.

4. Each statement accurately describes the physical effects of food on periodontal health, except one. Which is the exception?

A. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of monosaccharides
B. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of disaccharides
C. Poor nutrition has an adverse effect on the periodontium
D. Chewing soft, spongy foods stimulates salivary flow

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chewing soft, spongy foods does not stimulate salivary flow; rather, firm, fibrous foods like fruits and vegetables do. Soft foods can stick to teeth, promoting plaque buildup. Choices A, B, and C are accurate: Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by both monosaccharides and disaccharides, while poor nutrition can indeed have adverse effects on the periodontium.

5. Which metabolic disease is characterized by poor healing, severe forms of periodontal disease, necrosis, xerostomia, and candidiasis?

A. Hypopituitarism
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Renal disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is the correct answer. It is associated with poor wound healing, severe periodontal disease, tissue necrosis, dry mouth (xerostomia), and an increased susceptibility to oral infections like candidiasis. Hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and renal disease are not typically linked to the specific oral manifestations described in the question.