for minimal change nephrotic syndrome mcns prednisone is effective when what occurs

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. For minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), prednisone is effective when what occurs?

A. Appetite increases and blood pressure is normal
B. Urinary tract infection is gone and edema subsides
C. Generalized edema subsides and blood pressure is normal
D. Diuresis occurs as urinary protein excretion diminishes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The effectiveness of prednisone in treating MCNS is indicated by diuresis and a decrease in urinary protein excretion. Subsidence of generalized edema is also a positive sign, but the key indicator is the reduction in proteinuria, which is achieved through diuresis.

2. When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, the nurse should be alert to recognize which sign or symptom as a manifestation of perforation?

A. Anorexia
B. Bradycardia
C. Sudden relief from pain
D. Decreased abdominal distention

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, sudden relief from pain is a critical sign that could indicate perforation of the appendix. Perforation results in the release of pressure and inflammation, leading to a temporary relief of pain. Anorexia (loss of appetite) and decreased abdominal distention are symptoms commonly associated with appendicitis itself, not perforation. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not typically a direct manifestation of appendicitis or its complications.

3. The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. What clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product?

A. Tinnitus
B. Disorientation
C. Stupor, lethargy, and coma
D. Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx is a characteristic sign of corrosive poisoning, indicating damage to mucous membranes from ingestion of a caustic substance. Other symptoms may vary depending on the poison but are not as specific to corrosive ingestion.

4. What is the primary concern in a child with nephrotic syndrome?

A. Hypotension
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyperlipidemia
D. Hypocalcemia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperlipidemia. Children with nephrotic syndrome often present with hyperlipidemia due to altered lipid metabolism, making it a primary concern in these patients. Hypotension (choice A) is not a primary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Hyperkalemia (choice B) and hypocalcemia (choice D) are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome and are less likely to be primary concerns in these patients.