Nursing Elites

1. Fat-soluble vitamins are different from water-soluble vitamins because the body is able to store only small amounts of fat-soluble vitamins.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. A major difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins is that the body is able to store larger amounts of fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A and D are stored for long periods; therefore, minor shortages might not be identified until drastic depletion has occurred. Observable signs and symptoms of a dietary deficiency are often not identified until they are in an advanced state. Water-soluble vitamins, on the other hand, are not stored in the body and are excreted in the urine if taken in excess, making it harder to reach toxic levels.

2. What is the name of the record that shows all medications and treatments provided on a repeated basis?

• A. Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet
• B. Discharge Summary
• C. Nursing Kardex
• D. Medicine and Treatment Record

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The 'Medicine and Treatment Record' is the document that maintains a comprehensive log of all medications and treatments provided on a routine basis. It does not refer to the 'Discharge Summary', which is a clinical report prepared by healthcare professionals at the end of a hospital stay or series of treatments. The 'Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet' is used to gather comprehensive data about the patient's health history and current health status, but it does not record ongoing treatment details. The 'Nursing Kardex' is a patient care information system used to quickly communicate patient needs, but it does not consistently record all medications and treatments provided.

3. Which of the following is a form of primary prevention?

• A. Regular Check-ups
• B. Regular Screening
• C. Self-Medication
• D. Immunization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Immunization.' Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs by preventing exposure to risk factors. Immunization is a classic example of primary prevention as it helps prevent the development of infectious diseases. Choice A, 'Regular Check-ups,' is more related to secondary prevention by detecting diseases early. Choice B, 'Regular Screening,' is also more aligned with secondary prevention as it involves early detection of diseases. Choice C, 'Self-Medication,' is not a form of primary prevention but rather a risky practice that can lead to adverse outcomes.

4. When assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on the following EXCEPT:

• A. Amount of food and fluid taken during the last meal before treatment
• B. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion
• C. Teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure
• D. Doctor's order regarding position restrictions and client's tolerance for lying flat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because when assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on various aspects such as the amount of food and fluid taken before treatment to prevent complications during the procedure, teaching the client's relatives to perform the procedure correctly, and following the doctor's orders regarding position restrictions and the client's tolerance for lying flat. Respiratory rate, breath sounds, and location of congestion would be assessed during the procedure itself, not as part of the pre-assessment.

5. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing in a patient post-surgery?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Protein
• C. Iron
• D. Calcium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Protein is essential for tissue repair and wound healing.

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