Nursing Elites

1. What is the form in which energy from excess intake of proteins, fats, alcohol, and carbohydrates is stored?

• A. Protein
• B. Fat
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Alcohol

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the body consumes more energy than it needs, the surplus is stored as fat, regardless of whether the energy source was proteins, fats, alcohol, or carbohydrates. This is why the correct answer is 'Fat'. Other choices are incorrect because, in excess intake situations, the body does not store surplus energy as proteins, carbohydrates, or alcohol.

2. Which enzyme is most essential for the digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?

• A. Gastric lipase
• B. Pepsin
• C. Mucus
• D. Intrinsic factor

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastric lipase. Gastric lipase is crucial for the digestion of short- and medium-chain triglycerides, such as those found in butterfat. Pepsin is involved in protein digestion, not lipid digestion. Mucus acts as a protective barrier in the stomach and does not play a direct role in lipid digestion. Intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12 and is not related to the digestion of triglycerides.

3. Each nonnutritive sweetener can be recommended to patients with phenylketonuria, except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. Cyclamate
• B. Acesulfame-K
• C. Saccharin
• D. Aspartame

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Aspartame. Aspartame contains phenylalanine, which is contraindicated for individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder that impairs phenylalanine metabolism. Therefore, patients with PKU should avoid aspartame. Choices A, B, and C (Cyclamate, Acesulfame-K, Saccharin) are considered safe for individuals with PKU as they do not contain phenylalanine and can be recommended as alternatives to sugar for these patients.

4. The component that should receive the highest priority before physical examination is the:

• A. Psychological preparation of the client
• B. Physical Preparation of the client
• C. Preparation of the Environment
• D. Preparation of the Equipments

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. A diet high in which nutrient can lead to increased risk of developing kidney stones?

• A. Fiber
• B. Protein
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Unsaturated fats

Correct answer: B

Rationale: High protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones due to elevated calcium excretion.

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