Nursing Elites

1. What impact do parenting styles have on child development?

• A. Authoritarian parenting leads to positive developmental outcomes.
• B. Permissive parenting is associated with positive developmental outcomes.
• C. Neglectful parenting is associated with positive developmental outcomes.
• D. All parenting styles produce similar developmental outcomes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Permissive parenting is associated with positive developmental outcomes because it involves warmth and a lack of strict control. Authoritarian parenting, as mentioned in choice A, is characterized by strict rules and harsh discipline, which may not lead to the best developmental outcomes. Neglectful parenting, as in choice C, involves a lack of responsiveness and support, which can have detrimental effects on a child's development. Choice D is incorrect because different parenting styles can have varying impacts on child development.

2. Which of the following is true about subjective distress?

• A. All individuals with mental illness experience some degree of distress
• B. Distress is the only criterion in diagnosing abnormality
• C. Its presence is enough for a clinician to determine if someone has a mental illness
• D. Some individuals with a mental disorder may not experience subjective distress

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Subjective distress is not universal among individuals with a mental disorder. Choice A is incorrect as not all individuals with mental illness experience distress. Choice B is incorrect because distress is just one of the criteria used in diagnosing abnormality, not the only one. Choice C is incorrect because the presence of subjective distress alone is not sufficient for a clinician to determine if someone has a mental illness.

3. What are the potential effects of childhood trauma on adult behavior?

• A. Childhood trauma is typically overcome by adulthood.
• B. Childhood trauma can have long-lasting effects on adult behavior.
• C. Childhood trauma has minimal impact on adult behavior.
• D. Childhood trauma is easily overcome with age.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Childhood trauma can have profound and lasting effects on behavior and mental health in adulthood. It can lead to various issues such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and difficulties in forming relationships. Choice A is incorrect because childhood trauma doesn't automatically disappear with age. Choice C is incorrect as research shows that childhood trauma can significantly impact adult behavior. Choice D is incorrect as overcoming childhood trauma is usually a complex and challenging process that may require therapy and support.

4. Strict behaviorists would be most sympathetic to which one of the following statements?

• A. Human behavior is primarily caused by inherited factors.
• B. Human behavior is primarily caused by environmental factors.
• C. Human behavior is primarily caused by equal contributions of inherited and environmental factors.
• D. No one really knows the primary causes for human behavior.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Strict behaviorists, who adhere to behaviorism, believe that human behavior is primarily influenced by environmental factors. This perspective asserts that individuals' actions and responses are shaped by their interactions with the environment, learning experiences, and external stimuli. Choice A is incorrect because strict behaviorists do not focus on inherited factors but on how behavior is learned and shaped through environmental influences. Choice C is also incorrect as behaviorists do not believe in equal contributions of inherited and environmental factors; they emphasize environmental determinants. Choice D is incorrect as behaviorists have a clear stance that behavior is influenced by environmental stimuli and learning experiences.

5. What are culture-bound syndromes?

• A. Culture-bound syndromes are disorders that can be found in all cultures.
• B. Culture-bound syndromes are disorders that are specific to certain cultural contexts.
• C. Culture-bound syndromes are myths and do not exist.
• D. Culture-bound syndromes are conditions seen only in psychiatric hospitals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture-bound syndromes are disorders that are specific to certain cultural contexts. These syndromes may not be recognized or understood outside of the specific cultural context where they originate. Choice A is incorrect because culture-bound syndromes are not universal and are tied to specific cultural beliefs and practices. Choice C is incorrect as culture-bound syndromes are recognized in the field of psychology and anthropology. Choice D is incorrect as culture-bound syndromes are not limited to psychiatric hospitals but can be observed in various cultural settings.

Similar Questions