changes normally occur in the elderly among the following which is a normal change in an elderly client
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice Test A 2019

1. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

2. Before and after the operation, the operating suite is managed by the:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. The oral cavity is the site of a wide variety of systemic disease manifestations due to:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The oral cavity is indeed the site of various systemic disease manifestations due to multiple factors. Firstly, the rapid cellular turnover in the oral mucosa makes it susceptible to diseases. Secondly, the constant presence of microorganisms in the oral cavity contributes to the development of systemic diseases. Finally, the oral cavity being a trauma-intense environment further increases the risk of systemic manifestations. Therefore, all the provided options - rapid cellular turnover, constant attack by microorganisms, and a trauma-intense environment - play a role in making the oral cavity a site for various systemic diseases. Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect individually as they each represent only one aspect of why the oral cavity is prone to systemic disease manifestations, whereas the correct answer encompasses all these factors.

4. Keeping Conrad’s head and neck alignment results in:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Loss of smell results in a condition that limits the capacity to detect the flavor of food and beverages, called:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: anosmia. Anosmia refers to the loss of smell, which significantly affects the ability to detect flavors. Hypergeusia and dysgeusia, choices A and B, refer to heightened or distorted taste, respectively. 'Phantom taste' in choice D is not the correct term for the condition described in the question.

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