Nursing Elites

1. As a generation, the baby boomers are __________ than any previous mid- or late-life cohort.

• A. healthier, but less educated
• B. more educated, but less wealthy
• C. more self-focused, but less healthy
• D. healthier, better educated, and financially better off Answer: D Page Ref: 13 Box: CULTURAL INFLUENCES: The Baby Boomers Reshape the Life Course Skill Level: Remember Topic: The Lifespan Perspective: A Balanced Point of View Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The baby boomers are healthier, better educated, and financially better off than any previous mid- or late-life cohort. This generation has generally enjoyed higher levels of education, advancements in healthcare, and increased economic opportunities, leading to improved overall well-being compared to earlier generations.

2. During which period does the germinal period occur?

• A. Occurs during the second trimester of pregnancy
• B. Lasts about six weeks
• C. Lasts about two weeks
• D. Is the final period of a 38-week pregnancy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The germinal period lasts about two weeks and occurs during the first two weeks of pregnancy. This is the time when the fertilized egg implants into the uterus and begins to divide rapidly. It is followed by the embryonic period, which lasts from about week 3 to week 8 of pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because the germinal period happens in the early stages of pregnancy, not the second trimester. Choice B is incorrect because the germinal period typically lasts about two weeks, not six. Choice D is incorrect because the germinal period is an early stage of pregnancy and not the final period of a 38-week pregnancy.

3. According to Erikson, when parents are over- or undercontrolling, the outcome is a child who __________.

• A. feels forced and shamed
• B. acts competently on his own
• C. asserts his independence
• D. feels self-confident

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Erikson, when parents are over- or undercontrolling, the outcome is a child who feels forced and shamed. This is because overly controlling parents can make the child feel inadequate, leading to a sense of shame and doubt. Choice B, 'acts competently on his own,' is incorrect because overcontrolling parents hinder the child's ability to act independently. Choice C, 'asserts his independence,' is incorrect because overcontrolling parents can actually suppress the child's independence. Choice D, 'feels self-confident,' is incorrect because overcontrolling parenting can undermine the child's confidence and lead to feelings of inadequacy.

4. The concept of ________ means that because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to qualities of the environment.

• A. gene-environment interaction
• B. niche-picking
• C. passive correlation
• D. evocative correlation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, gene-environment interaction. This concept highlights that genetic factors play a role in how individuals react to environmental factors. Niche-picking (choice B) refers to the tendency of individuals to select environments that complement their genetic predispositions, not the inherent genetic differences in responsiveness. Passive correlation (choice C) involves the association between the genetic makeup of parents and the environment they provide for their children, not individual differences in responsiveness. Evocative correlation (choice D) relates to the idea that an individual's genetic traits can elicit certain responses from others in the environment, rather than individual differences in responsiveness.

5. Many theorists believe that behaviorism and social learning theory ________.

• A. overemphasize the plasticity of cognitive development
• B. overestimate people's contributions to their own development
• C. offer too narrow a view of important environmental influences
• D. overemphasize each individual's unique life history

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Many theorists believe that behaviorism and social learning theory offer too narrow a view of important environmental influences. This is because they focus mainly on observable behaviors and external factors, neglecting the role of internal cognitive processes and individual differences in shaping development. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because behaviorism and social learning theory do not specifically emphasize the plasticity of cognitive development, overestimate people's contributions to their own development, or overemphasize each individual's unique life history. Instead, they are criticized for providing a limited perspective by focusing predominantly on external stimuli and behaviors.

Similar Questions