Nursing Elites

1. As a generation, the baby boomers are __________ than any previous mid- or late-life cohort.

• A. healthier, but less educated
• B. more educated, but less wealthy
• C. more self-focused, but less healthy
• D. healthier, better educated, and financially better off Answer: D Page Ref: 13 Box: CULTURAL INFLUENCES: The Baby Boomers Reshape the Life Course Skill Level: Remember Topic: The Lifespan Perspective: A Balanced Point of View Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The baby boomers are healthier, better educated, and financially better off than any previous mid- or late-life cohort. This generation has generally enjoyed higher levels of education, advancements in healthcare, and increased economic opportunities, leading to improved overall well-being compared to earlier generations.

2. According to Erikson, if the psychological conflict of adolescence is resolved negatively, a young person experiences __________.

• A. mistrust
• B. isolation
• C. inferiority
• D. role confusion

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Erikson's theory of psychosocial development states that during adolescence, individuals face the conflict of identity vs. role confusion. If this conflict is resolved negatively, adolescents experience role confusion. Role confusion occurs when adolescents fail to develop a clear sense of identity, leading to uncertainty about their future roles. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they correspond to earlier stages of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development (mistrust corresponds to infancy, isolation to early adulthood, and inferiority to middle childhood), not adolescence.

3. Tiffany is a small-for-date baby. This means she __________.

• A. was born several weeks or more before her due date
• B. was born below her expected weight considering the length of the pregnancy
• C. will probably have much less serious problems than a preterm infant
• D. may have difficulties in infancy but will outgrow them by the preschool years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A small-for-date baby, also known as a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) baby, is a baby who is born below their expected weight considering the length of the pregnancy. This can be due to various factors including issues with growth restriction in the womb. Being small-for-date is different from being preterm (born prematurely) and does not necessarily mean that the baby was born early. Choice A is incorrect because being small-for-date does not specifically indicate being born several weeks or more before the due date. Choice C is incorrect because being small-for-date does not guarantee fewer problems than a preterm infant, as each baby's health outcomes can vary. Choice D is incorrect because while small-for-date babies may have initial difficulties, it does not guarantee that these issues will be outgrown by the preschool years.

4. In egalitarian marriages, __________.

• A. there is a clear division of roles
• B. partners share power and authority
• C. the husband is the head of the household
• D. the wife is responsible for family economic well-being

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In egalitarian marriages, the correct answer is B - partners share power and authority. This type of marriage promotes equality and balance, where both spouses have an equal say in decision-making and share responsibilities. Choice A is incorrect because egalitarian marriages aim to reduce traditional role divisions. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a patriarchal structure, which is contrary to the principles of egalitarianism. Choice D is incorrect as it assigns a specific financial role based on gender, which goes against the idea of equal sharing in all aspects of the marriage.

5. During prenatal development, the ectoderm becomes the __________.

• A. muscles and skeleton
• B. nervous system and skin
• C. circulatory system and other internal organs
• D. digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nervous system and skin. The nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, as well as the skin, develop from the ectoderm layer of cells during prenatal development. Choice A is incorrect because muscles and skeleton develop from mesoderm. Choice C is incorrect because the circulatory system and other internal organs develop from mesoderm and endoderm. Choice D is incorrect because the digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands develop from endoderm.

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