an increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to

ATI RN

ATI Fluid and Electrolytes

1. An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:

A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
B. increase plasma volume.
C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
D. increase plasma volume and decrease interstitial fluid volume.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An increase in capillary blood pressure leads to a higher force pushing fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby increasing interstitial fluid volume. Choice B is incorrect because capillary blood pressure affects the movement of fluid into the interstitial space, not into the plasma. Choice C is incorrect as an increase in capillary blood pressure would not decrease interstitial fluid volume. Choice D is incorrect as it combines contradictory effects when capillary blood pressure increases.

2. What is the function of aldosterone?

A. Regulates body temperature.
B. Decreases blood pressure.
C. Increases sodium reabsorption.
D. Promotes water excretion.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect as aldosterone does not regulate body temperature. Choice B is incorrect as aldosterone increases blood pressure by increasing sodium reabsorption. Choice D is incorrect as aldosterone promotes water retention by increasing sodium reabsorption.

3. . One day after a patient is admitted to the medical unit, you note that the patient is oliguric. You notify the acutecare nurse practitioner who orders a fluid challenge of 200 mL of normal saline solution over 15 minutes. This intervention will achieve which of the following?

A. Help distinguish hyponatremia from hypernatremia
B. Help evaluate pituitary gland function
C. Help distinguish reduced renal blood flow from decreased renal function
D. Help provide an effective treatment for hypertension-induced oliguria

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

4. Which of the following might the nurse assess in a patient diagnosed with hypermagnesemia?

A. Diminished deep tendon reflexes
B. Tachycardia
C. Cool clammy skin
D. Increased serum magnesium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diminished deep tendon reflexes. In a patient with hypermagnesemia, the nurse would assess for diminished deep tendon reflexes. Hypermagnesemia can lead to neuromuscular depression, causing a decrease in deep tendon reflexes. Tachycardia (choice B) is more commonly associated with hypomagnesemia. Cool clammy skin (choice C) is not typically a direct symptom of hypermagnesemia. While hypermagnesemia does involve increased serum magnesium levels (choice D), assessing serum levels is a laboratory test and not a clinical assessment like checking deep tendon reflexes.