Nursing Elites

1. An imbalance of which nutrient may elicit delayed tooth eruption, enlarged tongue, stillbirths, altered craniofacial growth, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, and goiter?

• A. Zinc
• B. Iron
• C. Sodium
• D. Potassium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron. The provided extract mentions that iodine deficiency can cause delayed tooth eruption, enlarged tongue, stillbirths, altered craniofacial growth, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, and goiter. Zinc, Sodium, and Potassium are not associated with these specific symptoms. Zinc deficiency can lead to other health issues but not the ones mentioned. Sodium and Potassium imbalances do not typically result in the symptoms described in the question.

2. Patients with kidney stones should increase their intake of:

• A. fluids
• B. vitamin C
• C. oxalates
• D. protein

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patients with kidney stones should increase their intake of fluids. Increasing fluid intake helps to dilute the urine and reduce the risk of kidney stones forming by flushing out minerals that can crystallize. This promotes the passage of small stones and helps prevent the formation of new ones. Vitamin C and protein intake should be moderated as excessive consumption may lead to the formation of certain types of kidney stones. Oxalates should be limited in the diet as they can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones, a common type of kidney stone.

3. Which physiologic effect should the nurse expect in a client addicted to hallucinogens?

• A. Dilated pupils
• B. Constricted pupils
• C. Bradycardia
• D. Bradypnea

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Clients addicted to hallucinogens often exhibit constricted pupils due to the effects of the drug on the sympathetic nervous system. This sympathetic stimulation causes the pupils to constrict rather than dilate. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Dilated pupils are more commonly associated with stimulant use, while bradycardia (slow heart rate) and bradypnea (slow breathing) are not typical effects of hallucinogens.

4. The only IV fluid compatible with blood products is:

• A. D5LR C. NSS
• B. D5NSS D. Plain LR
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. Which animal-derived food contains the most significant level of carbohydrates?

• A. Egg
• B. Beef
• C. Milk
• D. Poultry

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Milk contains the most significant level of carbohydrates among animal-derived foods. Milk and milk products supply significant quantities of carbohydrate in the form of lactose. Eggs, beef, and poultry are not significant sources of carbohydrates compared to milk. In cheese making, lactose is removed as a by-product, reducing the carbohydrate content further.

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