aids enteropathy is most commonly manifested as

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. AIDS enteropathy is most commonly manifested as _____.

A. abdominal pain and rectal bleeding
B. diarrhea and weight loss
C. abdominal bloating and flatulence
D. rectal fissures and constipation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: AIDS enteropathy typically presents as diarrhea and weight loss due to the impact of HIV on the gastrointestinal tract. While abdominal pain and rectal bleeding (Choice A), abdominal bloating and flatulence (Choice C), and rectal fissures and constipation (Choice D) can occur in some cases, the most common manifestations are diarrhea and weight loss.

2. What is the first step in decontamination?

A. Immediately applying a chemical decontamination foam to the area of contamination
B. Thoroughly washing and rinsing the patient with soap and water
C. Immediately applying personal protective equipment
D. Removing the patient's clothing and jewelry, then rinsing the patient with water

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first step in decontamination is to remove the patient's clothing and jewelry to prevent further exposure and then rinse the patient with water. This helps to eliminate any contaminants on the patient's body. Choice A is incorrect because applying a chemical decontamination foam should come after removing clothing. Choice B is incorrect as washing and rinsing the patient should follow the removal of clothing. Choice C is incorrect as personal protective equipment should be worn by the individual performing the decontamination, not applied to the patient.

3. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has Phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

A. Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times a week.
B. Serum bilirubin should be monitored once or twice a month during pregnancy.
C. Breastfeeding will not prevent your baby from developing PKU.
D. A low-protein diet should be followed for three months before conception.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A low-protein diet should be followed for three months before conception in individuals with PKU who are planning a pregnancy. This diet helps manage PKU by reducing phenylalanine levels, which is crucial for maternal and fetal health. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is not directly related to managing PKU, choice B focuses on a different aspect of care during pregnancy, and choice C is inaccurate as breastfeeding will not prevent a baby from developing PKU.

4. What is a likely effect on a patient whose lab results reveal hypoalbuminemia?

A. Infection
B. Rickets
C. Hypertension
D. Edema

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia, which refers to low albumin levels in the blood, is often associated with edema. Albumin helps maintain oncotic pressure, which keeps fluid within blood vessels. When albumin levels are low, this pressure decreases, leading to fluid leakage from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, resulting in edema. The other choices are less likely effects of hypoalbuminemia. Hypoalbuminemia doesn't directly cause infections (Choice A), rickets (Choice B) caused by vitamin D deficiency, or hypertension (Choice C) associated with factors like high sodium intake, obesity, and genetic predisposition.

5. Which food item interferes with the effectiveness of warfarin?

A. Cauliflower
B. Zucchini
C. Green beans
D. Broccoli

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Broccoli is high in vitamin K, which can affect the effectiveness of warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that functions by reducing the activity of vitamin K in the body. When one consumes broccoli, which is rich in vitamin K, it could counteract the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, thereby interfering with its effectiveness. On the other hand, cauliflower, zucchini, and green beans do not have significant levels of vitamin K and hence, are not known to impact the effectiveness of warfarin.