Nursing Elites

1. A preschool-age child is admitted to the pediatric unit for surgery. The parents request to stay with their child. How should the nurse respond?

• A. Tell the parents they can stay in the hospital but not on the unit
• B. Read the rules and regulations of rooming in with the child
• C. Let the parents know they are allowed to stay with the child
• D. Explain to the parents why they cannot stay with the child

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct response is to let the parents know they are allowed to stay with the child. Allowing parents to stay with the child can help reduce the child's anxiety and provide comfort. Choice A is incorrect as the parents should be encouraged to stay with their child. Choice B is not the immediate response the nurse should provide. Choice D is inappropriate as it does not address the benefits and importance of parental presence for the child's well-being during hospitalization.

2. The nurse is planning a teaching session to adolescents about deaths by unintentional injuries. Which should the nurse include in the session with regard to deaths caused by injuries?

• A. More deaths occur in males
• B. More deaths occur in females
• C. The pattern of deaths does not vary according to age and sex
• D. The pattern of deaths does not vary widely among different ethnic groups

Correct answer: A

Rationale: More deaths due to unintentional injuries occur in males, which may be due to higher risk-taking behaviors.

3. What is most important in the management of cellulitis?

• A. Burow solution compresses
• B. Oral or parenteral antibiotics
• C. Topical application of an antibiotic
• D. Incision and drainage of severe lesions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Oral or parenteral antibiotics are essential in treating cellulitis to eliminate the infection. Topical antibiotics are not sufficient, and incision and drainage are only for abscesses.

4. Pretending a sheet is a cape to mimic a superhero is characteristic of which childhood phenomenon?

• A. Artificialism
• B. Symbolic functioning
• C. Critical thinking
• D. Dramatic play

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, symbolic functioning. Symbolic functioning refers to children using objects, actions, or ideas to represent other objects, actions, or ideas. In this scenario, pretending a sheet is a cape to mimic a superhero demonstrates the child's ability to engage in symbolic play. Choice A, artificialism, is incorrect as it refers to the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities. Choice C, critical thinking, does not directly relate to the imaginative play described in the question. Choice D, dramatic play, is close but not as precise as symbolic functioning, which specifically highlights the use of objects to represent something else.

5. The nurse is describing clinical reasoning to a group of nursing students. Which is most descriptive of clinical reasoning?

• A. Purposeful and goal-directed
• B. A simple developmental process
• C. Based on deliberate and irrational thought
• D. Assists individuals in guessing what is most appropriate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Clinical reasoning is purposeful and goal-directed, involving the use of critical thinking and decision-making skills to provide effective patient care.

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