Nursing Elites

1. A nurse working in an orthopedic unit is caring for 4 clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at highest risk for skin breakdown?

• A. An adolescent who has a patella fracture and is in an immobilizer
• B. A young adult who has a femur fracture and is going to surgery in two hours
• C. A middle-aged adult who has fractured his radius and has a cast
• D. An older adult who has a hip fracture and is immobile

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

2. The nurse is planning care for a post-operative client after a total hip arthroplasty. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Observe client for changes in mental status
• B. Use aseptic technique for wound care and emptying of drains
• C. Keep the client's heels off the bed
• D. Perform neurovascular assessments per protocol

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. Which of the following statements by a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does NOT requires further teaching?

• A. I can spread this through contact with surfaces, so I need to wear gloves in public.'
• B. Because I have HIV, that means I'm an AIDS patient'
• C. I need to ensure that I place my needles in a proper needle disposal container.'
• D. I can still have unprotected intercourse with my partner since he does not have HIV.'

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

4. A nurse is caring for an immobile client. What is the priority assessment of this client?

• A. Palpate for edema
• B. Auscultate for bowel sounds
• C. Inspect the skin for injury
• D. Auscultation of lung sounds

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Inspecting the skin for injury is crucial to prevent pressure ulcers and other complications in immobile clients.

5. Death of bone tissue can occur when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted. What is this complication called?

• A. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
• B. Avascular necrosis
• C. Delayed union
• D. Complex regional pain syndrome

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, avascular necrosis. Avascular necrosis is the condition where bone tissue dies due to the disruption of blood supply to the bone. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (Choice A) is a chronic pain condition, delayed union (Choice C) refers to a delayed healing of a fracture, and complex regional pain syndrome (Choice D) is a chronic pain condition typically affecting an arm or leg.

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