ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Timolol how to insert eye drops, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Press your finger on the inside corner of your eye for 1 minute after application.
- B. Apply the eye drops directly on the cornea.
- C. Drop the prescribed amount of medication into the center of the conjunctival sac.
- D. Wipe your eyes gently with a tissue immediately after application.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct way to administer eye drops is by instructing the client to drop the prescribed amount of medication into the center of the conjunctival sac. This technique helps in proper distribution and absorption of the medication. Choice A is incorrect as pressing the inside corner of the eye is not necessary. Choice B is incorrect because applying eye drops directly on the cornea can cause irritation and discomfort. Choice D is incorrect as wiping the eyes immediately after application can remove the medication and reduce its effectiveness.
2. A client has been on levothyroxine therapy for several months. Which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
- A. Decrease in level of thyroxine (T4)
- B. Increase in weight
- C. Increase in hours of sleep per night
- D. Decrease in level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A therapeutic response to levothyroxine is indicated by a decrease in the level of TSH. This decrease signifies that the body requires less stimulation to produce thyroid hormone, reflecting a normalization of thyroid function due to the medication's effectiveness. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as an increase in T4 levels, weight gain, and increased sleep hours are not indicative of a therapeutic response to levothyroxine therapy.
3. A client has been prescribed Atorvastatin to lower cholesterol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with a full glass of water.
- B. Report any muscle pain to your provider immediately.
- C. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
- D. Take this medication at bedtime to prevent drowsiness.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include is to 'Report any muscle pain to your provider immediately.' Muscle pain can be a sign of rhabdomyolysis, a rare but serious side effect of statins like atorvastatin. It is crucial to monitor for potential complications, and reporting muscle pain promptly can lead to timely intervention if needed. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address a critical side effect of atorvastatin or provide essential information for the client's safety and well-being.
4. A client is receiving Morphine IV for pain management. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to monitor for adverse effects?
- A. Monitor the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes.
- B. Monitor the client's blood pressure every 30 minutes.
- C. Monitor the client's oxygen saturation every hour.
- D. Monitor the client's heart rate every 5 minutes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to monitor for adverse effects of Morphine IV is to check the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes. Respiratory depression is a potentially life-threatening adverse effect of Morphine. Monitoring the respiratory rate frequently allows for early detection and intervention if needed. Monitoring blood pressure, oxygen saturation, or heart rate alone may not provide early signs of respiratory depression, which is a critical adverse effect of Morphine IV.
5. A client has a new prescription for Folic Acid. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take this medication with food.
- B. I need to monitor for skin rash while taking this medication.
- C. I need to increase my intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. I will stop taking this medication if I feel nauseous.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Folic acid is naturally found in green, leafy vegetables such as spinach and broccoli. Increasing the intake of these vegetables can supplement the prescribed folic acid and help maintain adequate levels in the body. It is essential to understand that dietary sources of folic acid can complement the medication and support overall health. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because taking folic acid with food, monitoring for skin rash, or stopping the medication if feeling nauseous do not directly relate to enhancing the therapeutic effects of folic acid through dietary intake.
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