Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching a client about iron-rich foods. Which food is the best source of heme iron?

• A. Spinach
• B. Lentils
• C. Beef liver
• D. Tofu

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Heme iron, found in animal products like beef liver, is more easily absorbed than non-heme iron from plant sources.

2. The past history of Camila would most probably reveal that her premorbid personality is:

• A. schizoid
• B. extrovert
• C. ambivert
• D. cycloid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. What is the most likely complication for a client receiving TPN who suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis?

• A. Fluid volume overload
• B. Sepsis
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hypoglycemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypoglycemia. When a client receiving TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis, it is indicative of hypoglycemia. TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, and if it is abruptly stopped or the infusion rate is reduced, it can lead to hypoglycemia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms described in the scenario. Fluid volume overload typically presents with edema and hypertension, sepsis with fever and increased heart rate, and hyperglycemia with polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision.

4. Which lipid contains 3 fatty acids?

• A. cholesterol
• B. phospholipid
• C. saturated
• D. triglyceride

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D. triglyceride.' Triglycerides are composed of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, making them the primary form of stored fat in the body. Cholesterol (A) is a different type of lipid, phospholipids (B) have two fatty acids, and 'saturated' (C) refers to the structure of fatty acids, not a specific lipid containing 3 fatty acids.

5. Which enzyme is most essential for the digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?

• A. Gastric lipase
• B. Pepsin
• C. Mucus
• D. Intrinsic factor

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastric lipase. Gastric lipase is crucial for the digestion of short- and medium-chain triglycerides, such as those found in butterfat. Pepsin is involved in protein digestion, not lipid digestion. Mucus acts as a protective barrier in the stomach and does not play a direct role in lipid digestion. Intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12 and is not related to the digestion of triglycerides.

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