Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching a client about how to use her new hearing aids. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further instruction?

• A. I will not use hairspray if I am wearing the hearing aids
• B. I will clean the hearing aids with alcohol wipes
• C. I will change the batteries once a week
• D. I will expect the hearing aids to whistle when I cup my hand over them

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because cleaning the hearing aids with alcohol wipes can damage them. It is important to use specialized cleaning tools or follow specific cleaning instructions provided by the manufacturer to prevent harm to the hearing aids. Choices A, C, and D demonstrate good understanding and appropriate care for hearing aids, indicating that the client does not need further instruction in those areas.

2. A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child with celiac disease. Which food choice should the nurse include?

• A. Rice
• B. Barley
• C. Wheat
• D. Rye

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Rice. In celiac disease, individuals must avoid gluten-containing foods. Rice is a safe option as it is gluten-free. Barley (choice B), Wheat (choice C), and Rye (choice D) all contain gluten and should be avoided in a celiac diet. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize including rice in the child's diet.

3. Which intervention is most effective for managing a patient with constipation?

• A. Increase the patient's fluid intake.
• B. Administer a stool softener as prescribed.
• C. Provide the patient with a high-fiber diet.
• D. Teach the patient to perform Valsalva maneuvers.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective intervention for managing constipation in a patient is to administer a stool softener as prescribed. Stool softeners help relieve constipation by making the stool easier to pass, especially in postoperative patients. Increasing fluid intake can be beneficial but may not address the underlying cause of constipation. While a high-fiber diet is important for bowel health, it may not provide immediate relief for constipation. Teaching a patient to perform Valsalva maneuvers is not recommended for managing constipation as it can lead to adverse effects like increasing intra-abdominal pressure.

4. What is the primary intervention for a client diagnosed with delirium?

• A. Provide a quiet and calm environment to minimize confusion
• B. Administer medication to reverse the symptoms of delirium
• C. Provide opportunities for social interaction to reduce isolation
• D. Encourage the client to remain physically active

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a quiet and calm environment to minimize confusion. For clients diagnosed with delirium, creating a tranquil setting can help reduce agitation and disorientation. This intervention aims to decrease stimuli that may exacerbate symptoms. Administering medication (choice B) is not the primary intervention for delirium; it is usually reserved for specific underlying causes. While social interaction (choice C) and physical activity (choice D) are beneficial for overall well-being, they are not the primary interventions for managing delirium.

5. In a disaster where a building has collapsed, which victim should a nurse attend to first?

• A. A victim who has died of multiple serious injuries
• B. A victim with a partial amputation of a leg who is bleeding profusely
• C. An alert victim who has numerous bruises on the arms and legs
• D. A hysterical victim who has sustained a head injury

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a disaster situation like a building collapse, the nurse should attend to the victim with a partial amputation of a leg who is bleeding profusely first. This victim is at immediate risk of severe blood loss, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial to address life-threatening injuries like severe bleeding before attending to other less urgent cases. The victim with the amputation requires immediate intervention to control bleeding and stabilize their condition. Victims who are already deceased or have less urgent injuries can be attended to after addressing the critical cases.

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