a nurse is educating a client with peripheral artery disease pad which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching

ATI RN

ATI Pathophysiology Quizlet

1. A nurse is educating a client with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A. I should avoid walking for long periods to prevent leg pain.
B. I should inspect my feet daily for any sores or wounds.
C. I should wear compression stockings to improve circulation.
D. I should avoid smoking to prevent further damage to my arteries.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Walking is crucial in improving circulation in peripheral artery disease; therefore, the client should not avoid walking for long periods. Choices B, C, and D are correct statements for a client with PAD. Inspecting feet daily helps in early detection of sores or wounds, wearing compression stockings improves circulation, and avoiding smoking helps prevent further damage to arteries in PAD.

2. Which of the following describes the damage to the brain that results in cerebral palsy?

A. Reversible with cognitive therapy in infancy
B. Transient and resolves in adulthood through physical therapy
C. Manifests in adulthood after regular childhood activities
D. Irreversible and occurs before, during, or after birth or infancy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Cerebral palsy involves irreversible damage to the brain that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth, impacting movement and coordination. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because cerebral palsy is not reversible with cognitive therapy or physical therapy, does not resolve in adulthood, and does not manifest in adulthood after regular childhood activities.

3. A patient with a history of venous thromboembolism is being considered for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). What should the nurse discuss with the patient regarding the risks of HRT?

A. Discuss the potential for increased bone density.
B. Discuss the potential for an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
C. Discuss the potential for a reduced risk of breast cancer.
D. Discuss the potential for improved mood and energy levels.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including venous thromboembolism. Patients with a history of venous thromboembolism are at higher risk, so discussing this potential risk is crucial. Choice A, increased bone density, is not a major risk of HRT. Choice C, reduced risk of breast cancer, is not a common discussion point regarding HRT risks. Choice D, improved mood and energy levels, is more related to the benefits of HRT rather than its risks.

4. Which of the following are risk factors for hypertension (HTN)?

A. High sugar, low-fat diet
B. Increased physical activity
C. Tobacco use
D. Low-fat diet

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for hypertension (HTN) as it can lead to increased blood pressure. High sugar intake and low-fat diets, as well as increased physical activity, are not directly associated with hypertension. While low-fat diets are generally recommended for overall health, they are not specifically linked to hypertension risk.

5. What causes the appearance of a barrel chest in clients with emphysema?

A. Peripheral edema
B. Bacterial infections in the lungs
C. Air trapping in the alveoli
D. Muscle atrophy of the diaphragm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Air trapping in the alveoli. A barrel chest in emphysema results from the hyperinflation of the lungs due to air trapping in the alveoli. This leads to increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Peripheral edema is swelling caused by fluid retention in tissues, not associated with a barrel chest in emphysema. Bacterial infections in the lungs can lead to conditions like pneumonia but do not directly cause a barrel chest. Muscle atrophy of the diaphragm could affect breathing mechanics but is not specifically linked to the development of a barrel chest in emphysema.