Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a client with a thiamine deficiency. Which assessment findings will the nurse expect?

• A. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination
• B. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis
• C. Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations
• D. Scaly rash on arms, dementia, and diarrhea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Thiamine deficiency, also known as Vitamin B1 deficiency, can present with various symptoms. Tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination are classic signs of thiamine deficiency due to its role in energy metabolism. Swollen lips, cracks in the corners of the mouth, and glossitis are more indicative of a deficiency in riboflavin (Vitamin B2). Neuropsychiatric symptoms of delusions and hallucinations are characteristic of niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency. A scaly rash on the arms, dementia, and diarrhea are not typically associated with thiamine deficiency. Therefore, the correct assessment findings for a client with thiamine deficiency are tachycardia, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.

2. Muscle weakness due to wasting would most likely be evaluated by which test?

• A. recall of food intake
• B. skinfold thickness
• C. handgrip strength
• D. red blood cell levels

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Handgrip strength is a reliable test to assess muscle function and detect muscle weakness due to wasting. It is often used to identify conditions like sarcopenia in clinical settings. Options A, B, and D are not suitable for evaluating muscle weakness. Food intake recall does not directly measure muscle function, skinfold thickness assesses body fat but not muscle strength, and red blood cell levels are unrelated to muscle wasting.

3. A client with a history of pancreatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following food choices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

• A. Noodles
• B. Vegetable Soup
• C. Baked Fish
• D. Cheddar cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with pancreatitis should avoid high-fat foods like cheddar cheese as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the organ's role in fat digestion. Noodles, vegetable soup, and baked fish are generally considered to be lower in fat content and are thus safer choices for individuals with pancreatitis.

4. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?

• A. omega 3, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
• B. EPA and DHA
• C. omega 6, omega 3, partially hydrogenated oil
• D. omega 3, EPA, saturated fatty acids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

5. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and wound healing?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis, a process important for wound healing. Collagen is a key protein that helps in wound repair and tissue strength. Vitamin D is primarily known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, not directly related to collagen synthesis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage but is not directly involved in collagen synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but does not play a major role in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

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