a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition tpn the pharmacy is delayed in supplying the clients next container of tpn

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition

1. A client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN is awaiting the next container. What fluid should the nurse infuse in the interim?

A. Dextrose 5% in water
B. 0.9% sodium chloride
C. Dextrose 10% in water
D. Lactated Ringer's solution

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 0.9% sodium chloride. When a client receiving TPN is awaiting the next container, infusing 0.9% sodium chloride is the appropriate choice to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Dextrose solutions are not recommended as they do not provide sufficient nutrition. Lactated Ringer's solution contains electrolytes but lacks essential nutrients found in TPN, making it an inadequate choice during the delay in TPN delivery.

2. Which of the following interventions should be considered the highest priority when caring for June, who has hemiparesis secondary to a stroke?

A. Position June in an upright lateral position
B. Perform range of motion exercises
C. Apply antiembolic stockings
D. Use hand rolls or pillows for support

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Apply antiembolic stockings'. In the case of a patient who has experienced a stroke and is suffering from hemiparesis, the highest priority intervention is to prevent further complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can be life-threatening. Antiembolic stockings are used to increase venous blood flow velocity and reduce the risk of DVT. Choice 'A', positioning June in an upright lateral position, while important for overall care, is not the highest priority. Choice 'B', performing range of motion exercises, is an important part of recovery but not the immediate priority. Choice 'D', using hand rolls or pillows for support, is also a valuable intervention but does not address the most pressing risk of further complications.

3. Why is bleeding in the leg of a pregnant woman considered as an emergency?

A. Blood volume is greater in pregnant woman; therefore, blood loss is increased
B. There is an increase blood pressure during pregnancy increasing the likelihood of hemorrhage
C. Pregnant woman are anemic, all forms of blood loss should be considered as an emergency especially if it is in the
D. The pressure of the gravid uterus will exert additional force thus, increasing the blood loss in the lower extremities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. The mechanism behind most CKD in patients without diabetes is mediated by:

A. enzyme systems
B. immune systems
C. catabolic systems
D. hormonal systems

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In non-diabetic patients, CKD is often mediated by immune system responses. Chronic inflammation triggered by immune system dysfunction can contribute to progressive kidney damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'immune systems.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because CKD in non-diabetic patients is primarily associated with immune system abnormalities rather than enzyme, catabolic, or hormonal systems.