a nurse is assessing a clients readiness to learn about insulin self administration which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an

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1. A nurse is assessing a client's readiness to learn about insulin self-administration. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is ready to learn?

A. "I can concentrate best in the morning."
B. "It is difficult to read the instructions because my glasses are at home."
C. "I'm wondering why I need to learn this."
D. "You will have to talk to my partner about this."

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "You will have to talk to my partner about this." This response indicates that the client is willing to involve their partner in the learning process, showing readiness to take responsibility and engage in the education. Choices A, B, and C demonstrate potential barriers to learning: A indicates a preference for learning time but does not show active involvement, B focuses on external factors hindering learning, and C reflects a lack of understanding or motivation for the learning.

2. A 54-year-old patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which admission order should the nurse implement first?

A. Infuse 1 liter of normal saline per hour.
B. Give sodium bicarbonate 50 mEq IV push.
C. Administer regular insulin 10 U by IV push.
D. Start a regular insulin infusion at 0.1 units/kg/hr.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis, the initial priority is to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Infusing 1 liter of normal saline per hour helps correct hypovolemia and restore electrolyte balance, making it the first essential step in managing diabetic ketoacidosis. Sodium bicarbonate is not routinely recommended in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and should not be given routinely as it may worsen the acidosis. Administering regular insulin and starting an insulin infusion are important but should come after fluid resuscitation to stabilize the patient's condition.

3. Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma in nursing?

A. Choosing between two equally undesirable alternatives
B. Reporting a colleague's unethical behavior
C. Balancing patient confidentiality with the need to disclose information
D. Deciding whether to comply with a patient's request that conflicts with professional ethics

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. An ethical dilemma in nursing involves deciding whether to comply with a patient's request that conflicts with professional ethics, balancing competing values and principles. Choices A, B, and C do not directly represent ethical dilemmas in nursing. Choice A describes a general ethical dilemma, choice B involves professional conduct rather than a dilemma, and choice C refers to a confidentiality issue rather than conflicting ethical principles.

4. A registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient who is one of Jehovah�s Witnesses and has refused a blood transfusion even though her hemoglobin is dangerously low. After providing information about all the alternatives available and risks and benefits of each, the health-care provider allows the patient to determine which course of treatment she would prefer. The RN knows this is an example of which ethical principle?

A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Distributive justice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: This is an example of the ethical principle of autonomy.

5. Which of the following best describes the concept of evidence-based management?

A. Using personal experience to make managerial decisions
B. Combining managerial expertise with the latest research evidence
C. Using intuition and experience to guide management decisions
D. Relying on peer-reviewed literature to inform management practices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The concept of evidence-based management involves combining managerial expertise with the latest research evidence to make informed decisions. Choice A is incorrect because relying solely on personal experience may not align with the best available evidence. Choice C is incorrect as it emphasizes intuition over research evidence. Choice D is incorrect because evidence-based management involves not only peer-reviewed literature but also incorporating managerial expertise.