a nurse is assessing a client with bipolar disorder who is experiencing a depressive episode which of the following findings should the nurse expect s

ATI RN

ATI Mental Health Practice B

1. A healthcare professional is assessing a client with bipolar disorder who is experiencing a depressive episode. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect? Select one that does not apply.

A. High energy
B. Feelings of hopelessness
C. Insomnia or hypersomnia
D. Decreased appetite

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During a depressive episode in bipolar disorder, clients typically exhibit low energy levels, feelings of hopelessness, insomnia or hypersomnia, and decreased appetite. High energy levels are more commonly seen in manic episodes of bipolar disorder.

2. Which of the following statements about the DSM-5 is inaccurate?

A. It includes specific criteria for diagnosing mental disorders.
B. It is used by mental health professionals to guide diagnosis.
C. It provides a classification system for mental disorders.
D. It includes guidelines for the treatment of mental disorders.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The DSM-5 is a diagnostic tool that provides specific criteria for diagnosing mental disorders, is utilized by mental health professionals to guide diagnosis, and offers a systematic classification of mental disorders. The statement that the DSM-5 includes guidelines for the treatment of mental disorders is inaccurate. The primary focus of the DSM-5 is on diagnosis and classification, not treatment. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C accurately describe the purpose and functions of the DSM-5.

3. A patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is prescribed escitalopram. The nurse should educate the patient that the full therapeutic effect of this medication may take:

A. 1-2 days
B. 1-2 weeks
C. 2-4 weeks
D. 6-8 weeks

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Escitalopram, an SSRI used in treating generalized anxiety disorder, typically takes 6-8 weeks to achieve its full therapeutic effect. While some improvement may be noticed earlier, the maximum benefit is usually experienced after this timeframe. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they underestimate the time required for escitalopram to reach its full effectiveness. Educating patients about the realistic timeline for medication effectiveness is crucial in managing expectations and ensuring adherence to the prescribed treatment.

4. A client is diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect?

A. Excessive worry about physical symptoms
B. Fear of gaining weight
C. Frequent visits to healthcare providers
D. Persistent depressive mood

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Individuals with somatic symptom disorder often exhibit frequent visits to healthcare providers due to their excessive worry about physical symptoms. They seek reassurance and explanations for their perceived medical issues, even when there is no organic basis for their complaints. This behavior is a characteristic feature of somatic symptom disorder and distinguishes it from other conditions. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Excessive worry about physical symptoms may occur but it is not the primary behavior associated with this disorder. Fear of gaining weight is more characteristic of eating disorders, and persistent depressive mood is more indicative of mood disorders rather than somatic symptom disorder.

5. Luc's family comes home one evening to find him extremely agitated, and they suspect he is in a full manic episode. The family calls emergency medical services. While one medic is talking with Luc and his family, the other medic is counting something on his desk. What is the medic most likely counting?

A. Hypodermic needles
B. Fast food wrappers
C. Empty soda cans
D. Energy drink containers

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Energy drink containers are often associated with exacerbating manic episodes due to their high caffeine content, which can worsen symptoms of agitation and restlessness.