Nursing Elites

1. A mother brings 6-month-old Eric to the clinic for a well-baby checkup. She comments, "I want to go back to work, but I don't want Eric to suffer because I'll have less time with him." Which is the nurse's most appropriate answer?

• A. "I'm sure he'll be fine if you get a good babysitter."
• B. "You will need to stay home until Eric starts school."
• C. "Let's talk about the childcare options that will be best for Eric."
• D. "You should go back to work so Eric will get used to being with others."

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The best approach is to discuss childcare options that would suit Eric's needs, allowing the mother to make an informed decision without guilt or pressure.

2. Pertussis vaccination should begin at which age?

• A. Birth
• B. 2 months
• C. 6 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The DTaP vaccine, which includes pertussis, is typically started at 2 months of age as part of the recommended immunization schedule.

3. According to Freud’s developmental theory, infancy is a stage of:

• A. Orality
• B. Latency
• C. Genitality
• D. Anality

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In Freud’s psychosexual development theory, the oral stage is the first stage and occurs during infancy. It focuses on activities involving the mouth, such as sucking and feeding. This stage is crucial for the child's development as it forms the basis for trust and attachment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as latency refers to the stage during middle childhood where sexual impulses are suppressed, genitality refers to the final stage focusing on mature sexual relationships, and anality refers to the stage occurring during the toddler years where toilet training plays a significant role.

4. A 2-year-old child has a chronic history of constipation and is brought to the clinic for evaluation. What should the therapeutic plan initially include?

• A. Bowel cleansing
• B. Dietary modification
• C. Structured toilet training
• D. Behavior modification

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dietary modification is often the first step in managing chronic constipation in children, focusing on increasing fiber and fluid intake. Other interventions like bowel cleansing and toilet training may follow if dietary changes are insufficient.

5. A sixteen-year-old boy is diagnosed with osteosarcoma. What information should the nurse know regarding the treatment plan?

• A. Amputation of the affected extremity is rarely necessary.
• B. Intensive radiation is the primary treatment modality.
• C. Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy.
• D. Bone marrow transplantation is the preferred option for long-term survival.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Osteosarcoma is typically treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. This approach aims to remove the tumor and reduce the risk of metastasis. Amputation of the affected extremity may be necessary in some cases to ensure complete removal of the tumor. Intensive radiation is not the primary treatment for osteosarcoma, and bone marrow transplantation is not the standard treatment for this type of cancer.

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