Nursing Elites

1. A medical-surgical nurse is concerned about the incidence of complications related to IV therapy, including bloodstream infection. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the management team to make the biggest impact on decreasing complications

• A. Initiate a dedicated team to insert access devices
• B. . Require additional education for all nurses.
• C. Limit the use of peripheral venous access devices.
• D. Perform quality control testing on skin preparation products.

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. A nurse is visiting an 84-year-old woman living at home and recovering from hip surgery. The woman seems confused and has poor skin turgor, and she states that 'she stops drinking water early in the day because it is too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom.' The nurse explains to the woman that:

• A. She will need to have her medications adjusted and be readmitted to the hospital for a complete workup.
• B. Limiting fluids can create imbalances in the body that can result in confusion; maybe we need to adjust the timing of your fluids.
• C. It is normal to be a little confused following surgery and it is safe not to urinate at night.
• D. Confusion following surgery is common in the elderly due to loss of sleep.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In elderly patients, fluid deficits can lead to confusion and cognitive impairment. Limiting fluids can disrupt the body's balance, leading to such symptoms. Adjusting the timing of fluids can help maintain hydration without causing nighttime interruptions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the underlying issue of fluid imbalance causing confusion. Choice A suggests unnecessary hospital readmission and medication adjustments. Choice C incorrectly normalizes confusion post-surgery and suggests it is safe not to urinate at night, which can exacerbate the issue. Choice D inaccurately attributes confusion to sleep loss rather than fluid imbalance.

3. Which negative ion is most abundant in blood plasma?

• A. Bicarbonate
• B. Chloride
• C. Hydroxide
• D. Phosphate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Chloride (Cl-) is the most abundant anion in blood plasma. It plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic balance and acid-base homeostasis. Bicarbonate (Choice A) is important for buffering acids in the body but is not the most abundant negative ion in blood plasma. Hydroxide (Choice C) is not typically found in high concentrations in blood plasma. Phosphate (Choice D) is an important anion in the body but is not as abundant as chloride in blood plasma.

4. A home care nurse prepares to administer intravenous medication to a client. The nurse assesses the site and reviews the clients chart prior to administering the medication: Client: Thomas Jackson DOB: 5/3/1936 Gender: Male January 23 (Today): Right uppe

• A. Notify the health care provider
• B. . Administer the prescribed medication.
• C. Discontinue the PICC
• D. Switch the medication to the oral route

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

5. 1.A nurse prepares to insert a peripheral venous catheter in an older adult client. Which action should the nurse take to protect the clients skin during this procedure?

• A. Lower the extremity below the level of the heart.
• B. Apply warm compresses to the extremity.
• C. Tap the skin lightly and avoid slapping.
• D. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

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