Nursing Elites

1. A medical-surgical nurse is concerned about the incidence of complications related to IV therapy, including bloodstream infection. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the management team to make the biggest impact on decreasing complications

• A. Initiate a dedicated team to insert access devices
• B. . Require additional education for all nurses.
• C. Limit the use of peripheral venous access devices.
• D. Perform quality control testing on skin preparation products.

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet

• A. Provide a bed bath instead of letting the client take a shower
• B. Use sterile technique when changing the dressing.
• C. Disconnect the intravenous fluid tubing prior to the clients bath.
• D. Use a plastic bag to cover the extremity with the device

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. The nurse caring for a patient post colon resection is assessing the patient on the second postoperative day. The nasogastric tube (NG) remains patent and continues at low intermittent wall suction. The IV is patent and infusing at 125 mL/hr. The patient reports pain at the incision site rated at a 3 on a 0-to-10 rating scale. During your initial shift assessment, the patient complains of cramps in her legs and a tingling sensation in her feet. Your assessment indicates decreased deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) and you suspect the patient has hypokalemia. What other sign or symptom would you expect this patient to exhibit

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Dilute urine
• C. Increased muscle tone
• D. Joint pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. How would a decrease in blood protein concentration impact the fluid volumes?

• A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
• B. decrease blood plasma volume.
• C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
• D. increase interstitial fluid volume and decrease blood plasma volume.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A decrease in blood protein concentration would lead to a reduction in osmotic pressure, which is responsible for drawing fluid back into the capillaries. This decrease in osmotic pressure would result in an increase in interstitial fluid volume as fluid moves out of the capillaries, and a decrease in blood plasma volume as less fluid is drawn back into the circulation. Therefore, the correct answer is to increase interstitial fluid volume and decrease blood plasma volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not reflect the impact of decreased blood protein concentration on fluid volumes.

5. Which substance dissociates into ions in a water solution?

• A. Intracellular fluid
• B. Interstitial fluid
• C. Plasma
• D. Electrolyte

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Electrolyte.' Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and plasma are not substances that dissociate into ions in a water solution. Intracellular fluid is the fluid inside cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid between cells, and plasma is the liquid component of blood. These choices do not dissociate into ions in a water solution, unlike electrolytes.

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