Nursing Elites

1. What is a major constituent of cell membranes?

• A. cholesterol
• B. phospholipid
• C. saturated
• D. triglyceride

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes, providing structural integrity and facilitating cell signaling. Cholesterol (choice A) is also present in cell membranes but in smaller amounts and plays a different role. Saturated (choice C) and triglyceride (choice D) are not major constituents of cell membranes.

2. The parent of a child newly diagnosed with lactose intolerance is being taught by the nurse. Which food items identified by the parent indicate an understanding of foods to avoid?

• A. Popcorn, seeds, and any foods containing nuts.
• B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings.
• C. Wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods.
• D. Eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings contain lactose, which individuals with lactose intolerance should avoid. Choices A, C, and D do not contain lactose and are not typically problematic for individuals with lactose intolerance.

3. The recommended treatment modality in clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

• A. Psychotherapy
• B. Behavior therapy
• C. Aversion therapy
• D. Psychoanalysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended treatment modality for clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is Behavior Therapy, not Psychoanalysis. Behavior therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention, is considered the first-line treatment for OCD. This therapy focuses on changing the patterns of behavior that contribute to the disorder. Psychotherapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not as effective as behavior therapy for OCD. Aversion therapy involves associating a stimulus with a negative outcome to reduce the frequency of a specific behavior, which is not the primary approach for OCD.

4. Although a balanced diet is essential for tissue healing and repair, which of the following should the dental hygienist identify as the nutrient of highest priority for a patient with gingivitis or periodontal disease?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Monosaccharides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin C is crucial for collagen production and connective tissue repair, making it a key nutrient for healing gingival tissues in patients with gingivitis or periodontal disease. Carbohydrates are a source of energy and not directly related to tissue repair. Vitamin D is important for bone health but is not the highest priority for gingival tissue healing. Monosaccharides are simple sugars and not as essential for tissue repair as Vitamin C.

5. A client with iron deficiency anemia is being taught about dietary recommendations by a nurse. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include as a food that enhances iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron?

• A. Tomato juice
• B. Tea
• C. Milk
• D. Dried Beans

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Tomato juice is the correct answer because it contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of nonheme iron. Vitamin C helps convert nonheme iron into a form that is easier for the body to absorb. Tea and milk should be avoided when consuming nonheme iron as they can inhibit iron absorption. Dried beans, although a good source of iron, do not enhance iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron.

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