Nursing Elites

1. What is a major constituent of cell membranes?

• A. cholesterol
• B. phospholipid
• C. saturated
• D. triglyceride

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes, providing structural integrity and facilitating cell signaling. Cholesterol (choice A) is also present in cell membranes but in smaller amounts and plays a different role. Saturated (choice C) and triglyceride (choice D) are not major constituents of cell membranes.

2. What condition has been shown to be associated with esophageal dysphagia?

• A. myasthenia gravis
• B. achalasia
• C. Alzheimer's disease
• D. cerebral palsy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Achalasia is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the esophagus having difficulty moving food toward the stomach, resulting in dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Myasthenia gravis (Choice A) is a neuromuscular disorder that affects skeletal muscles, not the esophagus. Alzheimer's disease (Choice C) primarily affects cognitive function, not the esophagus. Cerebral palsy (Choice D) is a neurological disorder affecting body movement and muscle coordination, unrelated to esophageal dysphagia.

3. Which medical problem is not generally associated with malnutrition?

• A. incontinence
• B. pressure sores
• C. celiac disease
• D. major surgery

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Incontinence is not typically associated with malnutrition, whereas conditions like pressure sores and celiac disease are directly linked to nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption.

4. The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning. What action should the nurse take first?

• A. Educate the client on safe food practices.
• B. Start a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak.
• C. Report the case to the county board of health.
• D. Ask the client if they have consumed any unpasteurized products.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning is to inquire if the client has consumed any unpasteurized products. This is crucial because Listeria contamination is often associated with unpasteurized dairy products and undercooked meats. Educating the client on safe food practices (Choice A) is important but not the priority at this initial assessment stage. Starting a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak (Choice B) and reporting the case to the county board of health (Choice C) are necessary actions but should come after gathering information directly from the client regarding potential exposure to high-risk foods.

5. What goal should an overweight woman include in her lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy?

• A. Aim to lose 11 to 20 pounds during pregnancy
• B. Increase protein intake to 35% of total calories
• C. Delay weight loss until after pregnancy
• D. Increase daily energy intake by 550 calories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The healthiest approach for an overweight pregnant woman is to delay weight loss until after pregnancy. During pregnancy, the body needs sufficient nutrition and energy to support the growth and development of the baby. Attempting to lose weight during pregnancy, especially significant amounts, may compromise the health of both the mother and the baby. Increasing protein intake to 35% of total calories or energy intake by 550 calories per day without professional guidance may lead to an unbalanced diet, which is not optimal for pregnancy. The focus should be on maintaining a balanced, nutrient-rich diet and appropriate weight gain during pregnancy.

Similar Questions