Nursing Elites

1. A client experiences an air emboli, resulting in a stroke, during an IV start. This can be classified as which type of risk?

• A. Patient dissatisfaction
• B. Medical-legal incident
• C. Medication error
• D. Diagnostic procedure

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Diagnostic procedure.' When a client experiences an air emboli leading to a stroke during an IV start, it falls under the category of a diagnostic procedure risk. This incident occurred during a procedure intended for diagnosis or evaluation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Patient dissatisfaction refers to a client's discontent with care, service, or outcomes; a medical-legal incident involves legal issues related to healthcare practices; and a medication error pertains to mistakes in medication administration.

2. One of the perceptions of turnover is:

• A. Poor management
• B. Rejection of the job
• C. Loss of poor performers
• D. Poor job atmosphere

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Rejection of the job.' According to Steers and Stone, turnover can be perceived by coworkers as a rejection of the job. Choice A, 'Poor management,' is incorrect because turnover perception is more related to individual feelings about the job rather than management. Choice C, 'Loss of poor performers,' is incorrect as it focuses on the outcome of turnover rather than the perception. Choice D, 'Poor job atmosphere,' is incorrect as it describes a cause of turnover rather than a perception.

3. The ANA recommends that nursing in the health care organization change its focus. This requires a shift from a technical model to which of the following?

• A. Professional
• B. Industrial
• C. Random
• D. Organized

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Professional. The American Nurses Association (ANA) recommends shifting the focus in healthcare organizations from a technical model to a professional model. This change emphasizes the level of nurse competence required to provide quality care. Choice B, Industrial, is incorrect as it does not align with the focus on professionalism in nursing. Choice C, Random, is unrelated to the context of the question. Choice D, Organized, while a positive attribute, is not the specific focus recommended by the ANA for nursing in healthcare organizations.

4. During a performance appraisal, how should the manager best provide constructive feedback to an employee?

• A. Focus only on the negative aspects of performance
• B. Provide general comments without specifics
• C. Discuss specific examples of strengths and areas for improvement
• D. Delay feedback until the next appraisal period

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During a performance appraisal, the best approach to provide constructive feedback is by discussing specific examples of strengths and areas for improvement. This method allows the employee to understand what they are excelling at and where they need to focus on development. By highlighting both aspects, the employee can work on enhancing their performance effectively. Option A is incorrect because solely focusing on the negative aspects can demotivate the employee and hinder their growth. Option B is incorrect as providing general comments without specifics does not offer clear guidance for improvement. Option D is also incorrect as delaying feedback can prevent timely corrective actions and hinder performance progress.

5. A client with frequent tonic-clonic seizures is being admitted. What action should the nurse add to the client's plan of care?

• A. Ensure blankets are placed on all four sides of the bed.
• B. Refrain from using restraints during seizure activity.
• C. Position the client laterally during seizure activity.
• D. Have a tongue depressor available at the client's bedside.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct action the nurse should add to the client's plan of care is to have a tongue depressor available at the client's bedside. This is important during a seizure to prevent the client from biting their tongue. Placing the client laterally helps maintain a clear airway and prevents aspiration, making choice C a good practice during seizure activity. Using restraints during a seizure can cause injuries and should be avoided, making choice B incorrect. Wrapping blankets around all four sides of the bed is unnecessary for seizure management and does not contribute to the client's safety during a seizure, making choice A incorrect.

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