Nursing Elites

1. A child is refusing to use the potty and having accidents, even though he has achieved toilet training. This is an example of which type of behavior?

• A. Positive reinforcement
• B. Desensitization
• C. Phobia
• D. Regression

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, regression. Regression occurs when a child reverts to an earlier behavior, such as having accidents after being successfully toilet trained. This regression often happens due to stress or changes in routine. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because positive reinforcement involves encouraging desired behavior, desensitization is a process of reducing sensitivity to a stimulus, and phobia is an intense fear or aversion to a specific object or situation, none of which directly apply to the described situation of the child having accidents after being toilet trained.

2. A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

• A. Bacteriuria and hematuria
• B. Hematuria and proteinuria
• C. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity
• D. Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine) are common findings in acute glomerulonephritis due to inflammation of the glomeruli. Bacteriuria and changes in specific gravity are not as directly associated with this condition.

3. What is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?

• A. Hyperpyrexia
• B. Hepatic involvement
• C. Severe burning pain in stomach
• D. Drooling and inability to clear secretions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acetaminophen poisoning primarily affects the liver, leading to hepatic involvement, which may present as jaundice, liver failure, or elevated liver enzymes. Hyperpyrexia, severe pain, and drooling are more associated with other types of poisoning.

4. Which intervention is the most appropriate recommendation for relief of teething pain?

• A. Rub gums with aspirin to relieve inflammation
• B. Apply hydrogen peroxide to gums to relieve irritation
• C. Give the infant a frozen teething ring to relieve inflammation
• D. Have the infant chew on a warm teething ring to encourage tooth eruption

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A frozen teething ring is effective for relieving teething pain as the cold helps numb the gums and reduce inflammation, making it a safe and effective method for managing discomfort

5. The nurse is aware that skin turgor best estimates what?

• A. Perfusion
• B. Adequate hydration
• C. Amount of body fat
• D. Amount of anemia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Skin turgor is a quick and simple way to assess hydration status. Poor skin turgor can indicate dehydration.

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