for a patient on lithium therapy which dietary recommendation is essential

ATI RN

ATI RN Custom Exams Set 1

1. For a patient on lithium therapy, which dietary recommendation is essential?

A. Increase caffeine intake
B. Increase sodium intake
C. Increase protein intake
D. Increase fiber intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to increase sodium intake. For patients on lithium therapy, maintaining consistent sodium intake is crucial to avoid fluctuations in drug levels. Increasing caffeine intake (choice A) is not recommended as it can interfere with lithium levels. While protein intake (choice C) is important for overall health, it is not specifically essential for patients on lithium therapy. Similarly, increasing fiber intake (choice D) is beneficial but not a primary concern for patients on lithium therapy.

2. What causes hepatic encephalopathy?

A. Buildup of ammonia in the body
B. Buildup of urea in the body
C. Fatty infiltration of the liver
D. Jaundice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by the buildup of ammonia in the body. Ammonia, a byproduct of protein metabolism, normally gets converted to urea in the liver for excretion. However, in liver dysfunction, such as cirrhosis, the liver cannot effectively convert ammonia to urea, leading to its accumulation in the body and subsequently causing hepatic encephalopathy. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy.

3. Which laboratory data indicate the client’s pancreatitis is improving?

A. The amylase and lipase serum levels are decreased
B. The white blood cell count (WBC) is decreased
C. The conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin levels are decreased
D. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) serum level is decreased

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Amylase and lipase are specific markers for pancreatitis. A decrease in their serum levels indicates improvement in pancreatitis. Choice B, a decreased white blood cell count (WBC), is more indicative of an improvement in infection rather than pancreatitis. Choices C and D, decreased bilirubin levels and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels respectively, are not specific markers for pancreatitis improvement.

4. The nurse writes a problem of “potential for complication related to ovarian hyperstimulation” for a client who is taking clomiphene (Clomid), an ovarian stimulant. Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?

A. Instruct the client to delay intercourse until menses
B. Schedule the client for frequent pelvic sonograms
C. Explain that the infusion therapy will take 21 days
D. Discuss that this may cause an ectopic pregnancy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Frequent pelvic sonograms help monitor for ovarian hyperstimulation, a serious potential side effect of clomiphene. Instructing the client to delay intercourse until menses (choice A) is not directly related to monitoring or managing ovarian hyperstimulation. Explaining the duration of infusion therapy (choice C) is not relevant to the potential complication of ovarian hyperstimulation. Discussing the risk of ectopic pregnancy (choice D) is important but not the most appropriate intervention for managing ovarian hyperstimulation.

5. Which of the following drugs may cause weight gain?

A. Amphetamines
B. Steroids
C. Antibiotics
D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Steroids. Steroids are known to cause weight gain as a side effect. Amphetamines, choice A, are more likely to cause appetite suppression and weight loss. Antibiotics, choice C, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, choice D, are not typically associated with weight gain as a common side effect.