ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. You are teaching your clients the difference between Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NDDM) diabetes. Which of the following statements is true?
- A. Both types of diabetes mellitus clients are prone to developing ketosis.
- B. Type II (NIDDM) is more common and preventable compared to Type I (IDDM) diabetes, which is genetic.
- C. Type I (IIDM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia.
- D. Type II (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormal immune response.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.
2. What type of debridement involves proteolytic enzymes?
- A. Interventional C. Surgical
- B. Mechanical D. Chemical
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
3. The nurse is educating a client about foods high in antioxidants A and C. Which breakfast items chosen by the client would indicate that the education was sufficient?
- A. Fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast
- B. Oatmeal with blueberries and coffee
- C. Cereal with strawberries and low-fat milk
- D. Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice are high in antioxidants A and C.
4. Which of the following is a normal finding during assessment of a Chest tube in a 3 way bottle system?
- A. There is a continuous bubbling in the drainage bottle
- B. There is an intermittent bubbling in the suction control bottle
- C. The water fluctuates during inhalation of the patient
- D. There is 3 cm of water left in the water seal bottle
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
5. How is the stomach protected from damage by gastric acid?
- A. enzymes present in the stomach
- B. a protective bacteria in the stomach
- C. bicarbonate present in the stomach
- D. the mucus lining of the stomach
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The stomach is protected from gastric acid by a thick mucus lining that acts as a physical barrier, preventing the acid from eroding the stomach walls. Enzymes in the stomach help with digestion but do not play a significant role in protecting the stomach from acid damage, so choice A is incorrect. While some bacteria in the stomach can be beneficial, they do not primarily protect the stomach from gastric acid, making choice B incorrect. Bicarbonate, a base, can neutralize acid, but it is not the primary defense mechanism against gastric acid in the stomach, so choice C is also incorrect.
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