you teach your clients the difference between type i iddm and type ii nddm diabetes which of the following is true

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. You are teaching your clients the difference between Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NDDM) diabetes. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Both types of diabetes mellitus clients are prone to developing ketosis.
B. Type II (NIDDM) is more common and preventable compared to Type I (IDDM) diabetes, which is genetic.
C. Type I (IIDM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia.
D. Type II (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormal immune response.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.

2. Which medical problem is not generally associated with malnutrition?

A. incontinence
B. pressure sores
C. celiac disease
D. major surgery

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Incontinence is not typically associated with malnutrition, whereas conditions like pressure sores and celiac disease are directly linked to nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption.

3. Which nursing diagnosis has nutritional implications?

A. impaired dentition
B. disruption of gas exchange
C. self-esteem disturbance
D. sleep pattern disturbance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired dentition affects a patient's ability to chew and consume a variety of foods, leading to potential nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition.

4. The purpose of chest percussion and vibration is to loosen secretions in the lungs. The difference between the procedures is:

A. Percussion uses only one hand, while vibration uses both hands
B. Percussion delivers cushioned blows to the chest with cupped palms, while vibration gently shakes secretions loose
C. In both percussion and vibration, the hands are not on top of each other, and hand action is not in tune with the client's breath
D. Percussion slaps the chest to loosen secretions, while vibration shakes the secretions along with the inhalation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Chest percussion involves the use of rhythmic tapping to dislodge mucus from the lungs, facilitating its movement toward the larger airways where it can be expelled. This technique is particularly important in conditions where mucus retention is a significant risk factor for infection. The key difference between chest percussion and vibration is that percussion involves slapping the chest to loosen secretions, while vibration involves shaking the secretions along with the inhalation, aiding in moving the loosened secretions upwards for easier removal. Choices A, B, and C do not accurately describe the main difference between chest percussion and vibration, making them incorrect.

5. One of the following statements is true with regards to the care of clients with depression:

A. Only mentally ill persons commit suicide
B. All depressed clients are considered potentially suicidal
C. Most suicidal person gives no warning
D. The chance of suicide lessens as depression lessens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.