you promote hemodynamic stability in a patient with upper gi bleeding by

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System Test

1. You promote hemodynamic stability in a patient with upper GI bleeding by:

A. Encouraging oral fluid intake.
B. Monitoring central venous pressure.
C. Monitoring laboratory test results and vital signs.
D. Giving blood, electrolyte and fluid replacement.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Promoting hemodynamic stability in a patient with upper GI bleeding involves giving blood, electrolyte, and fluid replacement.

2. Brenda, a 36 y.o. patient is on your floor with acute pancreatitis. Treatment for her includes:

A. Continuous peritoneal lavage.
B. Regular diet with increased fat.
C. Nutritional support with TPN.
D. Insertion of a T tube to drain the pancreas.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Treatment for acute pancreatitis includes nutritional support with TPN.

3. The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Which manifestations indicate deficient vitamin K absorption caused by this liver disease?

A. Dyspnea and fatigue
B. Ascites and orthopnea
C. Purpura and petechiae
D. Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A liver disorder, such as cirrhosis, can disrupt the liver's normal use of vitamin K to produce prothrombin (a clotting factor). Because of this, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of bleeding, including purpura and petechiae. Dyspnea and fatigue suggest anemia. Ascites and orthopnea are unrelated to vitamin K absorption. Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy result from decreased estrogen metabolism by the diseased liver.

4. Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp 101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the purpose to patient. Which of the following is a most accurate explanation?

A. It empties the stomach of fluids and gas.
B. It prevents spasms at the sphincter of Oddi.
C. It prevents air from forming in the small intestine and large intestine.
D. It removes bile from the gallbladder.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Explain to the patient that the NG tube is used to empty the stomach of fluids and gas, which helps relieve symptoms of acute pancreatitis.

5. The client with a new colostomy is concerned about the odor from stool from the ostomy drainage bag. The nurse teaches the client to include which of the following foods in the diet to reduce odor?

A. Yogurt
B. Broccoli
C. Cucumbers
D. Eggs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The client should be taught to include deodorizing foods in the diet, such as beet greens, parsley, buttermilk, and yogurt. Spinach also reduces odor but is a gas-forming food as well. Broccoli, cucumber, and eggs are gas-forming foods.