Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following symptoms indicates diverticulosis?

• A. No symptoms exist
• B. Change in bowel habits
• C. Anorexia with low-grade fever
• D. Episodic, dull, or steady midabdominal pain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Diverticulosis often has no symptoms and is usually found incidentally during tests for other conditions.

2. Which of the following nursing interventions should be implemented to manage a client with appendicitis?

• A. Assessing for pain
• B. Encouraging oral intake of clear fluids
• C. Providing discharge teaching
• D. Assessing for symptoms of peritonitis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessing for symptoms of peritonitis. This intervention is crucial in managing a client with appendicitis because it indicates a possible rupture of the inflamed appendix. Symptoms of peritonitis include severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal rigidity. Prompt recognition of these symptoms is essential for timely intervention and surgical management. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while assessing for pain is important, assessing for symptoms of peritonitis takes precedence due to the critical nature of appendicitis. Encouraging oral intake of clear fluids and providing discharge teaching are not immediate priorities in the management of a client with acute appendicitis.

3. Donald is a 61 y.o. man with diverticulitis. Diverticulitis is characterized by:

• A. Periodic rectal hemorrhage.
• B. Hypertension and tachycardia.
• C. Vomiting and elevated temperature.
• D. Crampy and lower left quadrant pain and low-grade fever.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Diverticulitis is characterized by crampy lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever.

4. A client with peptic ulcer disease tells the nurse that he has black stools, which he has not reported to his physician. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this client?

• A. Ineffective coping related to fear of diagnosis of chronic illness
• B. Deficient knowledge related to unfamiliarity with significant signs and symptoms
• C. Constipation related to decreased gastric motility
• D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements due to gastric bleeding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Deficient knowledge related to unfamiliarity with significant signs and symptoms is appropriate because the client did not report the black stools, which can be a sign of bleeding.

5. A client with suspected gastric cancer undergoes an endoscopy of the stomach. Which of the following assessments made after the procedure would indicate the development of a potential complication?

• A. The client complains of a sore throat
• B. The client displays signs of sedation
• C. The client experiences a sudden increase in temperature
• D. The client demonstrates a lack of appetite

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature after an endoscopy can indicate a potential complication, such as perforation.

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