Nursing Elites

1. Who is the best person to describe the job to an applicant?

• A. Previous employee
• B. Human resource manager
• C. Nursing manager
• D. Chief operating officer

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nursing manager is the most suitable person to describe the job to an applicant because they are directly involved in the day-to-day operations and requirements of the position. They have firsthand knowledge of the job responsibilities, expectations, and qualifications needed. Human resource managers are involved in recruitment but may not have the detailed operational knowledge that a nursing manager possesses. A previous employee may provide insights into the work environment but may not have a comprehensive understanding of the current job requirements. The chief operating officer oversees the organization's overall operations and strategy, so they may not have the specific details about the job to effectively describe it to an applicant.

2. Although technology has seen many advances, which two ethical principles may be in conflict because of technology?

• A. Beneficence and justice
• B. Beneficence and nonmaleficence
• C. Beneficence and veracity
• D. Beneficence and confidentiality

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Beneficence and nonmaleficence. Beneficence refers to the obligation to do good and act in the best interest of the patient, while nonmaleficence means to 'do no harm.' With advances in technology, there can be situations where the pursuit of benefit (beneficence) may inadvertently cause harm (nonmaleficence), leading to a conflict between these two ethical principles. Choice A, beneficence and justice, is incorrect because justice pertains to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources and treatments, not conflicting directly with beneficence. Choice C, beneficence and veracity, involves the obligation to tell the truth and is not in direct conflict with beneficence. Choice D, beneficence and confidentiality, relate to maintaining privacy and trust, which can complement rather than conflict with beneficence in most cases.

3. During a home safety assessment, a nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving supplemental oxygen. Which observation should the nurse identify as a proper safety protocol?

• A. The client has a weekly inspection checklist for oxygen equipment.
• B. The client stores an extra oxygen tank on its side under their bed.
• C. The client identifies the location of a fire extinguisher.
• D. The client uses a wool blanket on their bed.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because having a weekly inspection checklist for oxygen equipment ensures that the client can monitor the safety and functionality of the oxygen equipment regularly. This is crucial for maintaining a safe environment. Choice B is incorrect because storing an extra oxygen tank on its side under the bed can pose a safety hazard, as tanks should be stored upright. Choice C is a good safety practice, but it is not directly related to oxygen use. Choice D is incorrect because wool blankets are flammable and should not be used by clients receiving supplemental oxygen due to the increased risk of fire.

4. After receiving change-of-shift report, which patient should the nurse assess first?

• A. 19-year-old with type 1 diabetes who has a hemoglobin A1C of 12%
• B. 23-year-old with type 1 diabetes who has a blood glucose of 40 mg/dL
• C. 40-year-old who is pregnant and has an oral glucose tolerance test result of 202 mg/dL
• D. 50-year-old who uses exenatide (Byetta) and is complaining of acute abdominal pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the patient with a blood glucose level of 40 mg/dL (hypoglycemia) needs immediate attention. Hypoglycemia is an emergency situation that requires prompt intervention to prevent adverse effects such as seizures or loss of consciousness. Assessing and managing this patient first is crucial to prevent further deterioration. Choices A, C, and D do not present immediate life-threatening situations requiring urgent intervention like severe hypoglycemia does. While a high hemoglobin A1C level (choice A), an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test result (choice C), and acute abdominal pain (choice D) are important issues, they do not pose an immediate threat to the patient's life compared to severe hypoglycemia.

5. Which of the following leaders would be considered a transformational leader?

• A. The supervisor of a unit who requests staff to work overtime.
• B. The unit secretary who encourages staff to use the proper forms.
• C. A unit manager who reminds a CNA (Certified Nursing Assistant) to work on time management skills.
• D. The Advanced Practice Nurse who encourages a staff nurse to pursue additional education for career advancement.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because transformational leaders are known for inspiring and motivating their followers to reach their full potential. They focus on fostering a positive work environment, encouraging growth, and supporting career development. In this scenario, the Advanced Practice Nurse is displaying characteristics of a transformational leader by encouraging a staff nurse to pursue additional education for career advancement. Choices A, B, and C do not align with the traits of a transformational leader as they involve more routine tasks or directives without the inspirational and visionary approach typical of transformational leadership.

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