Nursing Elites

1. Which type of play would be most beneficial for preparing a preschool-age child for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?

• A. Cooperative play
• B. Associative play
• C. Dramatic play
• D. Onlooker play

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dramatic play involves role-playing, allowing children to act out scenarios and become more comfortable with them. This type of play can help reduce anxiety about upcoming events like surgery. Cooperative play involves working together towards a common goal, associative play involves loosely interacting with others, and onlooker play involves observing others play without actively participating. These types of play are not as directly related to preparing a child for surgery and reducing stress as dramatic play.

2. What is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year in the United States?

• A. Heart disease
• B. Childhood cancer
• C. Unintentional injuries
• D. Congenital anomalies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among children older than 1 year in the United States.

3. An important role of the nurse in ambulatory settings and schools is the identification of communicable diseases for treatment and the prevention of spread. What is an important component related to the first period of the contagiousness of disease?

• A. Source
• B. Causative agent
• C. Prodromal stage
• D. Constitutional symptoms

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The prodromal period is the interval between the early manifestations of the disease and the time when the overt clinical syndrome is evident. Most communicable diseases are contagious during this time. Identifying the prodromal stage is crucial for early intervention and preventing the spread of the disease. While the source and causative agent are important aspects of disease control, recognizing the early signs in the prodromal stage allows the nurse to take timely actions. Constitutional symptoms occur during the active disease phase, indicating that the child has already been contagious, and early intervention opportunities may have passed.

4. A child diagnosed with a soft tissue tumor is being treated with chemotherapy. Prior to administering the chemotherapy, which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to determine if the child has any capability of fighting infections?

• A. Hemoglobin
• B. Red blood cell count
• C. Platelets
• D. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is crucial for determining the child's ability to fight infections. Neutrophils play a key role in combating bacterial infections. Monitoring the ANC is essential before administering chemotherapy, as a low ANC indicates an increased risk of infection. Hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and platelets are important for assessing oxygen-carrying capacity, anemia, and clotting function, respectively, but they do not directly reflect the child's capability to fight infections.

5. An infant, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is what?

• A. Normal tooth eruption
• B. Delayed tooth eruption
• C. Unusual and dangerous
• D. Earlier than expected tooth eruption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Having six teeth at 6 months is earlier than the typical tooth eruption schedule, but it is not unusual or dangerous. It is within the range of normal variations in infant development.

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