Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for a child with an order of Ampicillin 250 mg IV in 30 mL of Normal Saline to infuse over 30 minutes. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the pump?

• A. 60
• B. 30
• C. 120
• D. 15

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct setting for the infusion pump should be 60 mL/hour to deliver 30 mL in 30 minutes. To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour, divide the total volume to be infused (30 mL) by the total time for infusion (30 minutes) and then multiply by 60 to convert minutes to hours. Therefore, 30 mL / 30 minutes * 60 minutes/hour = 60 mL/hour. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match the calculation based on the given parameters.

2. Which action should the nurse implement when taking an axillary temperature?

• A. Take the temperature through one layer of clothing
• B. Add a degree to the result when recording
• C. Place the tip of the thermometer under the arm in the center of the axilla
• D. Hold the child's arm away from the body while taking the temperature

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct technique involves placing the thermometer tip in the center of the axilla to ensure an accurate reading, with the arm held close to the body.

3. A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after the administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?

• A. We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill.
• B. We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered.
• C. We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake.
• D. We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for homeschooling.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Children with MCNS who are in remission can usually attend school and participate in normal activities with precautions to avoid infections. Home schooling may not be necessary, and this indicates a misunderstanding of the condition's management.

4. In planning care for children, the nurse considers children’s anxiety about hospitalization. Which measure should be included in the child’s plan of care to help reduce anxiety?

• A. Therapeutic play
• B. Time-out
• C. Counseling
• D. Movies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Therapeutic play should be included in the child’s plan of care to help reduce anxiety during hospitalization. It is an effective strategy that allows children to express their feelings, understand procedures, and reduce anxiety levels. Time-out (choice B) is not suitable for addressing anxiety related to hospitalization. Counseling (choice C) may be beneficial but is not as specifically tailored to reduce anxiety in the hospital setting as therapeutic play. Movies (choice D) may provide a temporary distraction but do not actively involve the child in addressing their emotions and fears associated with hospitalization.

5. What is a classic sign of congenital hypothyroidism in newborns?

• A. Jaundice
• B. Hypothermia
• C. Prolonged jaundice
• D. Excessive crying

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Prolonged jaundice is a classic sign of congenital hypothyroidism in newborns. In congenital hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms like jaundice, poor feeding, constipation, and lethargy. While jaundice itself is a common condition in newborns, the term 'prolonged jaundice' specifically points towards the underlying thyroid issue. Hypothermia and excessive crying are not typically associated with congenital hypothyroidism.

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