which statement indicates understanding of a low fiber diet

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. Which statement indicates understanding of a low-fiber diet?

A. I can cut up carrots and celery sticks for my lunch.
B. I will eat a bran muffin for my mid-morning snack.
C. I will have oatmeal with skim milk for my breakfast.
D. I should choose canned peaches for my fruit serving.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because canned peaches are low in fiber compared to the other options provided. Option A contains high-fiber vegetables (carrots and celery), option B includes a bran muffin which is fiber-rich, and option C involves oatmeal which is also a good source of fiber. Therefore, choosing canned peaches aligns with a low-fiber diet.

2. Which bond is formed by a positively charged metal ion and negatively charged nonmetal ion?

A. Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
C. Functional group
D. Metallic bond

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is an ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed when a positively charged metal ion joins with a negatively charged nonmetal ion, resulting in a transfer of electrons. In contrast, a covalent bond involves sharing electrons between atoms rather than complete transfer. Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that determine the molecule's chemical properties. Metallic bonds occur between metal atoms where electrons are shared across a delocalized electron cloud.

3. During the phallic stage, with which parent must the child identify?

A. The same-sex parent
B. The opposite-sex parent
C. The mother or the primary caregiver
D. Both parents

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, during the phallic stage (approximately ages 3 to 6), the child starts to identify with the parent of the same sex. This identification is a crucial part of the child's development and is believed to influence their adult behavior. The process involves the child adopting the characteristics, attitudes, and values of the same-sex parent. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Freud's theory of the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

4. Which breakfast items indicate an understanding of foods high in antioxidants A and C?

A. Fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast
B. Oatmeal with blueberries and coffee
C. Cereal with strawberries and low-fat milk
D. Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice. Cantaloupe and orange juice are rich in vitamins A and C, which are known for their antioxidant properties. Choice A is incorrect because fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast do not contain high levels of antioxidants A and C. Choice B is incorrect because, while blueberries are high in antioxidants, coffee does not provide significant amounts of vitamins A and C. Choice C is incorrect because, although strawberries are a good source of vitamin C, low-fat milk does not contribute significantly to vitamins A and C.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30. Four weeks after nutritional counseling, which of the following evaluation findings indicates the plan of care was followed?

A. BMI of 25
B. Weight gain of 1.8 kg
C. BMI of 33
D. Weight loss of 2.7 kg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A weight loss of 2.7 kg in four weeks indicates effective adherence to a nutritional plan aimed at reducing body mass index (BMI), moving towards a healthier weight. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in weight, as shown in choice D, is the desired outcome when managing a client with a BMI of 30 to reach a healthier range.