which of the following is a key feature of the diagnosis of asd according to the dsm v

ATI RN

ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam

1. Which of the following is a key feature of the diagnosis of ASD according to the DSM V?

A. Unusual responses to sensory input
B. Social isolation
C. Repetitive behaviors
D. Delayed motor development

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the DSM V, one of the key diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unusual responses to sensory input. These atypical responses can include hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as sound, touch, taste, or smell. These sensory processing differences are important in the diagnosis of ASD because they can significantly impact an individual's daily functioning and behavior. Social isolation and repetitive behaviors are associated features of ASD but are not the key diagnostic criteria according to the DSM V. Delayed motor development may be observed in some individuals with ASD, but it is not a key feature used for diagnosis in the DSM V.

2. The therapist engages a teen in a game of cards to improve his hand skills for schoolwork. Which statement best reflects this session?

A. Playfulness as an approach
B. Play as an occupation
C. Play as a tool
D. Play as a reward

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Play as a tool.' In this session, the therapist is using play as a tool to integrate therapeutic goals into a playful activity, which helps engage the teen and improve specific skills, in this case, hand skills for schoolwork.

3. The 6-year-old child scheduled for an orchiopexy shyly asks the nurse, 'What are they going to do to me 'down there'? What is the nurse's best response?

A. They are going to fix you up 'down there'.
B. They will move your testicle from your abdomen to your scrotum.
C. What do you think your doctor is going to do?
D. You shouldn't worry. Your doctor knows exactly what to do.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should encourage the child to express his thoughts and feelings about the upcoming surgery. This approach helps the child feel heard and understood while providing an opportunity to address any misconceptions or fears. By asking the child what he thinks the doctor will do, the nurse engages the child in a conversation that can help alleviate anxiety and build trust. School-age children often have fears related to bodily harm, and open communication can help alleviate such concerns. Choices A and D do not encourage open communication or address the child's concerns directly. Choice B provides too much detail that may overwhelm the child and is not age-appropriate for a 6-year-old.

4. What does a Z-score of -3.00 indicate?

A. The child's score indicates he is ahead of his peers and performing well
B. The child's score places him within normal limits on this test item
C. The test is inconclusive
D. The child's score falls below the majority of his peers on this test

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A Z-score of -3.00 indicates that the child's performance is significantly below the average of their peers. It represents an extreme low score, indicating a substantial deviation from the mean performance of the group.

5.

A. Aspirin 81mg daily
B. Clopidogrel (Plavix) 75mg daily
C. Heparin 5000 units subQ q12hrs
D. Metoprolol 50mg q8hrs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: For patients who lack risk factors for GI bleeding, combined use of clopidogrel with a PPI, may reduce the effects of clopidogrel without offering any real benefits and thus should be avoided.