ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. In the management of heart failure, which diuretic is preferred due to its demonstrated significant mortality reduction in patients with heart failure?
- A. Furosemide (Lasix)
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
- C. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- D. Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, is the preferred choice in heart failure due to its cardio-protective effect, leading to reduced mortality in patients with heart failure. It is used to manage both hypertension and edema, making it a valuable option in heart failure treatment.
2. For a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia, which menu choice should the nurse encourage?
- A. Pizza with a fruit plate
- B. Chicken strips with chips
- C. Fajita with rice
- D. Hamburger with French fries
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pizza with a fruit plate is the most suitable choice for a 6-year-old child with hypokalemia due to its potassium content. Potassium-rich foods like fruits can help replenish potassium levels in the body, aiding in the treatment of hypokalemia.
3. When teaching parents of a school-aged child with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the tibia, which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My child will have a cast until healing is complete.
- B. My child will receive antibiotics for several weeks.
- C. My child can return to playing sports once he is discharged.
- D. My child needs to be in contact isolation.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osteomyelitis of the tibia typically requires antibiotic therapy for at least 4 weeks. Surgery may be necessary if the infection does not respond to antibiotics. Weight-bearing should be avoided with osteomyelitis to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a cast until healing, returning to sports immediately, and contact isolation are not primary management strategies for osteomyelitis.
4. A nurse is caring for a child who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Administer aspirin for pain.
- B. Apply ice to the affected area.
- C. Monitor the child�s weight daily.
- D. Limit the child's activity.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the child�s weight daily to assess the effectiveness of treatment for osteomyelitis and detect potential complications.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day
- B. Your child should decrease dietary fats to less than 10% of their caloric intake
- C. Your child will need to take a 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily throughout their lifetime
- D. You should calculate your child's carbohydrate needs based on their daily activities
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The parent should provide a well-balanced diet that is high in protein and calories for a child with cystic fibrosis. This diet helps meet the child's increased energy requirements. Offering high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day is essential to ensure adequate nutrition and energy intake for children with cystic fibrosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because children with cystic fibrosis actually need a higher fat intake for proper absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, sodium chloride supplementation is not a general recommendation for all children with cystic fibrosis, and carbohydrate needs are usually based on maintaining adequate weight and growth rather than daily activities.
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