Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following are vital signs?

• A. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate
• B. Appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, oxygen level
• C. Body weight, age, gender
• D. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate. Vital signs are measurements that indicate the body's basic functions and are essential indicators of health. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate are classic vital signs routinely checked in medical settings to assess a person's overall health status. Choices B, C, and D are not considered vital signs. The appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, and oxygen level may provide valuable health information but are not classified as vital signs. Similarly, body weight, age, and gender are important factors in healthcare but are not vital signs. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness relate to sensory functions and are not typically categorized as vital signs.

2. The ability of an organism to sense and react to changes in its body illustrates

• A. circulation.
• B. respiration.
• C. responsiveness.
• D. absorption

Correct answer: C.

Rationale: The correct answer is 'responsiveness.' Responsiveness refers to the ability of an organism to detect and respond to stimuli in its environment. In this context, it specifically relates to an organism's ability to sense and react to changes within its body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Circulation refers to the movement of fluids within an organism, respiration is the process of exchanging gases, and absorption is the uptake of substances by cells or tissues.

3. Which of the following is a role of platelets in hemostasis?

• A. formation of plugs
• B. promotion of vasodilation
• C. conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
• D. activation of calcium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Platelets play a crucial role in hemostasis by forming plugs to stop bleeding. Choice B is incorrect because platelets do not promote vasodilation; instead, they help in vasoconstriction. Choice C is incorrect as the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin is a function of the coagulation cascade involving various clotting factors, not platelets. Choice D is incorrect as platelets do not directly activate calcium; instead, they play a role in the activation of other clotting factors.

4. Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n)

• A. organ system.
• B. organ.
• C. tissue.
• D. molecule.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Simple squamous epithelium is a type of tissue, not an organ system, organ, or molecule. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. In this case, simple squamous epithelium is a thin, single layer of flattened cells that line surfaces involved in passive diffusion, such as the alveoli in the lungs or blood vessels. Therefore, the correct answer is 'tissue.' Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately categorize simple squamous epithelium as a tissue.

5. What does magnetic resonance imaging use?

• A. X-rays.
• B. a radio antenna.
• C. radioisotopes.
• D. high-frequency sound waves.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. X-rays (Choice A) use electromagnetic radiation, not sound waves, making it an incorrect choice. A radio antenna (Choice B) is used for communication, not for MRI imaging. Radioisotopes (Choice C) are used in nuclear medicine imaging techniques, not in MRI scans. Therefore, the correct answer is high-frequency sound waves (Choice D) as they are utilized in MRI technology to produce images.

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