which immunization is given at birth

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

1. Which immunization is typically administered at birth?

A. Hepatitis B
B. DTaP
C. MMR
D. Varicella

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hepatitis B. The Hepatitis B vaccine is usually given at birth to protect against hepatitis B, a virus that can lead to chronic liver disease and liver cancer. This vaccination is crucial for newborns, especially those born to mothers who are carriers of hepatitis B. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because DTaP (B), MMR (C), and Varicella (D) vaccines are not typically administered at birth. DTaP is given in a series starting at 2 months, MMR is usually given around 12-15 months, and Varicella is given between 12-15 months of age.

2. Which of the following is a key feature of autism spectrum disorder?

A. Delayed speech development
B. Hyperactivity
C. Lack of interest in toys
D. Aggressive behavior

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Delayed speech development is a significant feature of autism spectrum disorder. Many children with autism exhibit delays in speech and language development, which can be one of the early signs of the condition. Hyperactivity, lack of interest in toys, and aggressive behavior are not key defining features of autism spectrum disorder. While some individuals with autism may exhibit these behaviors, they are not universally characteristic of the disorder.

3. Which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis?

A. Description of potential risk factors
B. Identification of actual health problems
C. Human response to state of illness or health
D. Cues and clusters derived from patient assessment

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Signs and symptoms are cues and clusters derived from patient assessments that are used to form a nursing diagnosis, guiding the development of a care plan.

4. A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes has trouble sleeping. The nurse should recognize this as what?

A. Indicative of maladjustment
B. A common reaction to divorce
C. Suggestive of a lack of adequate parenting
D. An unusual response that indicates a need for referral

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Poor academic performance and sleep disturbances are common reactions in children going through their parents' divorce, reflecting stress and adjustment challenges.