which finding suggests fluid volume deficit in an infant presenting with vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. Which finding suggests fluid volume deficit in an infant presenting with vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A sunken fontanel is a classic sign of dehydration in infants, indicating a fluid volume deficit. In dehydration, the fontanel sinks due to decreased fluid volume in the body. Increased blood pressure (Choice A) is not typically associated with dehydration in infants. Decreased pulse rate (Choice C) is not a common finding in fluid volume deficit, as the body tries to increase the heart rate to compensate for decreased volume. Low urine specific gravity (Choice D) may be seen in dehydration, but it is not as specific or as easily observable as a sunken fontanel.

2. What illnesses does respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) prevent?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: RSV, influenza, and adenovirus. The CDC recommends respiratory hygiene and etiquette to prevent the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus, and other droplet-transmitted unknown viruses. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because HBV, Hib, pertussis, HSV, and varicella are not typically transmitted via droplets but through other modes of transmission.

3. The clinic nurse is reviewing the immunization guidelines for hepatitis B. Which are true of the guidelines for this vaccine?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccination should start at birth, and any child or adolescent not vaccinated should complete the series. Adolescents should receive three doses if they were not previously vaccinated.

4. A 4-month-old infant is discharged home after surgery for the repair of a cleft lip. What should instructions to the parents include?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Pain management is essential postoperatively to reduce crying, which could place strain on the surgical site. Feeding and holding the infant are allowed, but care should be taken to avoid placing pressure on the suture line.

5. A mother has just given birth to a newborn with a cleft lip. Sensing that something is wrong, she starts to cry and asks the nurse, "What is wrong with my baby?" What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the mother to express her feelings allows her to process the situation and prepares her for receiving further information in a supportive environment.

Similar Questions

A major reason for the development of respiratory distress syndrome in the preterm infant is:
What should preoperative care of a newborn with an anorectal malformation include?
A school-age child with celiac disease asks for guidance about snacks that will not exacerbate the disease. What snack should the nurse suggest?
During examination of a toddler's extremities, the nurse notes that the child is bowlegged. The nurse should recognize that this finding is which?
What clinical manifestation should be the most suggestive of acute appendicitis?

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses