which heart sound is produced by vibrations within the heart chambers or in the major arteries from the back and forth flow of blood
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. Which heart sound is produced by vibrations within the heart chambers or in the major arteries from the back-and-forth flow of blood?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A murmur is produced by turbulent blood flow within the heart or major arteries, resulting in audible vibrations.

2. What is the purpose of using cimetidine (Tagamet) for gastroesophageal reflux?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cimetidine (Tagamet) is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by reducing gastric acid secretion. This action helps to decrease the acidity in the stomach, which in turn reduces the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Choice B is incorrect because cimetidine does not neutralize acid but rather decreases its production. Choice C is incorrect as cimetidine does not affect the rate of gastric emptying time. Choice D is incorrect as cimetidine does not coat the lining of the stomach and esophagus but instead works to reduce gastric acid secretion.

3. An eleven-year-old boy is admitted with a history of type 1 diabetes. What information about school age should the nurse use to formulate the teaching plan for daily injections?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: By the age of eleven, many children are capable of administering their own insulin injections with supervision, fostering independence and better management of their diabetes. This age is appropriate for the child to take on more responsibility for their care. While parental involvement is still crucial for supervision and guidance, the child can start to learn and perform the injections themselves. Choice A is incorrect because parental involvement is important for safety and proper technique. Choice C is incorrect as waiting until closer to adolescence may delay the child's ability to manage their diabetes effectively. Choice D is incorrect as reaching injection sites is not the sole criteria; proper technique and supervision are essential.

4. What procedure is most appropriate for the assessment of an abdominal circumference related to a bowel obstruction?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Marking the point of measurement ensures consistent and accurate assessments of abdominal circumference, especially important in conditions like bowel obstruction where changes need to be monitored closely.

5. Which condition is often associated with a "ground-glass" appearance on a chest x-ray in neonates?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Respiratory distress syndrome. Respiratory distress syndrome often presents with a "ground-glass" appearance on a chest x-ray in neonates due to surfactant deficiency. Choice A, Pneumonia, typically appears as patchy infiltrates on chest x-ray. Choice C, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, is characterized by hyperinflation and fibrosis, not a ground-glass appearance. Choice D, Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, usually shows mediastinal shift and bowel loops in the chest cavity on x-ray, not a ground-glass appearance.

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