Nursing Elites

1. Which condition is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease?

• A. Pregnancy
• B. Anorexia
• C. Hypertension
• D. Diabetes mellitus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Pregnancy is the correct answer as it is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). During pregnancy, the growing fetus exerts pressure on the stomach, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing GERD. This physiological change is a common occurrence in pregnant individuals. Conversely, anorexia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are not typically linked to a high rate of GERD. While these conditions have their own effects on the body, they do not directly contribute to the mechanisms that cause GERD, unlike the physical changes associated with pregnancy. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

2. What is the most likely complication for a client receiving TPN who suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis?

• A. Fluid volume overload
• B. Sepsis
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hypoglycemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypoglycemia. When a client receiving TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis, it is indicative of hypoglycemia. TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, and if it is abruptly stopped or the infusion rate is reduced, it can lead to hypoglycemia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms described in the scenario. Fluid volume overload typically presents with edema and hypertension, sepsis with fever and increased heart rate, and hyperglycemia with polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision.

3. What is the best snack choice for a preschool-age child?

• A. Fruit snacks
• B. Mini wheat bagel with peanut butter
• C. White toast with jelly
• D. Sports drink

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The best snack choice for a preschool-age child is a mini wheat bagel with peanut butter as it provides a good balance of carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats. Fruit snacks, although they contain some fruit flavor, are often high in added sugars and lack essential nutrients. White toast with jelly may provide quick energy but lacks protein and healthy fats, which are important for a balanced snack choice. Sports drinks are typically high in sugar and unnecessary for a preschool-age child's snack, as they are designed for rehydration during intense physical activity, not as a regular snack option.

4. Which statement does not describe a potential role of minerals in the body?

• A. they provide calories and energy to the body
• B. they help maintain fluid balance in the body
• C. they give teeth and bone their strength
• D. they help muscles contract

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Minerals do not provide calories or energy; instead, they play various roles such as building strong bones and teeth, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting muscle contractions.

5. Maria’s statement “Bow down before me! I am the holy mother of Christ! I am the blessed Virgin Mary!” is an example of:

• A. Delusion of grandeur
• B. Visual Hallucination
• C. Religious delusion
• D. Auditory Hallcucination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

Similar Questions