Nursing Elites

1. Which action by the nurse demonstrates effective infection control measures?

• A. Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact.
• B. Wear gloves when administering medications.
• C. Dispose of used equipment in designated containers.
• D. Wear a mask when interacting with the patient.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact. Effective hand hygiene is a fundamental infection control measure that helps prevent the spread of pathogens. Wearing gloves when administering medications (choice B) is important for protecting both the patient and the nurse but is not a direct demonstration of infection control. Disposing of used equipment in designated containers (choice C) is more related to proper waste management than infection control. Wearing a mask when interacting with the patient (choice D) is essential in certain situations, but hand hygiene is a more universal and critical practice for infection control.

2. A nurse is observing a patient's use of a walker. Which observation indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. The patient advances the walker too far ahead.
• B. The patient uses the walker to assist in standing.
• C. The patient maintains their balance while using the walker.
• D. The patient walks with their back hunched over.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because advancing the walker too far ahead increases the risk of falls, indicating a need for further teaching. Choice B is correct as using the walker to assist in standing is a proper use. Choice C is correct as maintaining balance while using the walker shows proper technique. Choice D is incorrect as walking with the back hunched over is a posture issue, not directly related to walker use.

3. A patient requires assistance to stand from a sitting position. Which action by the nurse ensures patient safety?

• A. Allow the patient to pull up on the nurse's arm.
• B. Place a gait belt around the patient for support.
• C. Have the patient push off the chair with their hands.
• D. Ask the patient to lift themselves up without support.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Placing a gait belt around the patient for support is the safest option when assisting a patient to stand from a sitting position. This belt provides stability and support, reducing the risk of falls or injuries during the transfer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Allowing the patient to pull up on the nurse's arm (Choice A) may lead to instability and compromise safety. Having the patient push off the chair with their hands (Choice C) might not provide sufficient support, especially for patients who require assistance. Asking the patient to lift themselves up without support (Choice D) can be dangerous and increase the risk of falls.

4. During an initial visit, a home health nurse is assessing a client who has cultural beliefs different from their own. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the client's beliefs about environmental control?

• A. Do you spend more time thinking about the past, present, or future?
• B. Who makes most of the decisions in your family group?
• C. What do you think you can do to affect your health status?
• D. Can you list any diseases that your parents or siblings have had?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct question to ask in this scenario is: 'What do you think you can do to affect your health status?' This question directly addresses the client's beliefs about their ability to control their health and reflects their beliefs about environmental control. Choices A, B, and D do not directly relate to assessing the client's beliefs about environmental control. Choice A focuses on time orientation, choice B pertains to family decision-making dynamics, and choice D is related to family medical history, which are not directly relevant to understanding the client's beliefs about environmental control.

5. Which of the following actions is a means of maintaining medical asepsis to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms?

• A. Sterilizing contaminated items
• B. Routinely cleaning the hospital environment
• C. Reapplying a sterile dressing
• D. Applying a sterile gown and gloves

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sterilizing contaminated items. Maintaining medical asepsis involves ensuring that items are free of microorganisms to prevent infections. Sterilizing contaminated items is a crucial step in this process as it eliminates all microorganisms, including spores. Choices B, C, and D do not directly address the process of reducing and preventing the spread of microorganisms. While routinely cleaning the hospital environment is important for cleanliness, it does not guarantee the elimination of all microorganisms. Reapplying a sterile dressing and applying a sterile gown and gloves are specific actions related to personal protective equipment and wound care, not the general maintenance of medical asepsis.

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