Nursing Elites

1. When trying to facilitate change in the staff, it is necessary to build trust and recognize the need for change. This type of action is known as which of the following, according to Lewin's Force-Field Model?

• A. Moving the system to a new level
• B. Unfreezing the system
• C. Refreezing the system
• D. Institutionalization

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Unfreezing the system.' In Lewin's Force-Field Model, unfreezing is the stage where the existing equilibrium is disrupted to motivate participants and prepare them for change. Building trust and recognizing the need for change are essential components of this stage. Choice A, 'Moving the system to a new level,' does not specifically address the initial stage of disruption. Choice C, 'Refreezing the system,' comes after change has been implemented, not before. Choice D, 'Institutionalization,' refers to the stage where the change becomes the new norm, which is different from unfreezing.

2. Which of the following is an example of a conflict of interest in nursing?

• A. A nurse accepting gifts from a patient
• B. A nurse working for two competing healthcare organizations
• C. A nurse disclosing patient information without consent
• D. A nurse delegating tasks improperly

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. A nurse working for two competing healthcare organizations represents a conflict of interest as it may affect impartiality. Choice A is incorrect as accepting gifts from a patient may be a violation of ethical standards, but it is not a conflict of interest. Choice C is incorrect as disclosing patient information without consent is a breach of confidentiality, not a conflict of interest. Choice D is incorrect as delegating tasks improperly relates to professional competence, not a conflict of interest.

3. 1. Which patient action indicates good understanding of the nurse�s teaching about administration of aspart (NovoLog) insulin?

• A. The patient avoids injecting the insulin into the upper abdominal area
• B. The patient cleans the skin with soap and water before insulin administration.
• C. The patient stores the insulin in the freezer after administering the prescribed dose.
• D. The patient pushes the plunger down while removing the syringe from the injection site

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. What is the primary focus of a patient safety program?

• A. To reduce healthcare costs
• B. To improve clinical outcomes
• C. To enhance patient satisfaction
• D. To comply with regulatory standards

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary focus of a patient safety program is to enhance patient satisfaction by ensuring safe practices. While reducing healthcare costs and improving clinical outcomes are important aspects influenced by patient safety programs, the main goal is to prioritize patient well-being and satisfaction. Complying with regulatory standards is essential but not the primary focus; it is a means to achieve safe practices for the benefit of patients.

5. A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of terminal cancer. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the client is ready to hear information regarding palliative care?

• A. "I am ready to learn about chemotherapy to help cure my cancer."
• B. "I just want you to give me something to get this over with soon."
• C. "I want you to tell me about measures available to keep me comfortable."
• D. "I know that many people have recovered fully from cancer, and so will I."

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer because the client expressing a desire to know about measures available to keep comfortable indicates readiness for palliative care. Palliative care focuses on providing comfort, symptom management, and improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses such as terminal cancer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A indicates a desire for chemotherapy to cure the cancer, which does not align with palliative care goals. Choice B expresses a wish to end the situation quickly, which may not be in line with palliative care that focuses on comfort and quality of life. Choice D shows optimism about a full recovery, which may not be realistic for a client with terminal cancer who needs palliative care.

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