Nursing Elites

1. Which theory views motivation as learning?

• A. Reinforcement
• B. Process
• C. Operant
• D. Conditioning

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Reinforcement. Reinforcement theory views motivation as learning through the association of behaviors with consequences. Choice B, Process, is too vague and does not specifically relate motivation to learning. Choice C, Operant, is a type of conditioning that focuses on voluntary behavior and its consequences, not motivation as learning. Choice D, Conditioning, is a general term that does not directly connect motivation with learning.

2. Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics?

• A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace.
• B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses.
• C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses.
• D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nursing ethics not only focus on the experiences and needs of nurses, but also on the nurses� perceptions of these experiences.

3. A nurse is focusing on improving the ability to multitask without losing focus and to turn problems into opportunities. Which of the following leadership theories describes the nurse�s focus?

• A. Emotional intelligence
• B. Motivation theory
• C. Situational leadership theory
• D. Transformational leadership theory

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Transformational leadership theory describes the nurse�s focus.

4. In a multiple-car accident with multiple trauma clients being sent to an Emergency Department, which type of leadership would be most effective in this situation?

• A. Democratic
• B. Bureaucratic
• C. Laissez-faire
• D. Autocratic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a high-stress situation like a multiple-car accident with multiple trauma clients arriving at the Emergency Department, autocratic leadership is most effective. This type of leadership allows for clear direction and quick decision-making, crucial in managing emergencies. Democratic leadership may slow down the decision-making process due to the need for consensus. Bureaucratic leadership focuses on following established rules and procedures, which may not be flexible enough in an emergency. Laissez-faire leadership, characterized by a hands-off approach, is not suitable in urgent situations where immediate action is required.

5. In our culturally diverse society, barriers to health care result from:

• A. Prejudice
• B. Different socioeconomic status
• C. Differences in language
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a culturally diverse society, barriers to health care can stem from various factors. These include differences in language, various socioeconomic statuses, and prejudices. These factors can create obstacles for individuals in accessing healthcare services. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above' as all the provided choices contribute to barriers in healthcare access. Choice A, 'Prejudice,' is correct as biases and discrimination can prevent individuals from receiving proper care. Choice B, 'Different socioeconomic status,' is accurate as financial disparities can limit access to healthcare services. Choice C, 'Differences in language,' is also valid as language barriers can hinder effective communication and understanding between patients and healthcare providers.

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