what prevents gastric acid from damaging the stomach
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam

1. How is the stomach protected from damage by gastric acid?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The stomach is protected from gastric acid by a thick mucus lining that acts as a physical barrier, preventing the acid from eroding the stomach walls. Enzymes in the stomach help with digestion but do not play a significant role in protecting the stomach from acid damage, so choice A is incorrect. While some bacteria in the stomach can be beneficial, they do not primarily protect the stomach from gastric acid, making choice B incorrect. Bicarbonate, a base, can neutralize acid, but it is not the primary defense mechanism against gastric acid in the stomach, so choice C is also incorrect.

2. Which food item should be recommended to prevent choking in toddlers?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Banana slices are less likely to cause choking compared to other options.

3. Earliest sign of skin reaction to radiation therapy is:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. Which term is used to describe populations located in lower income, inner city, and rural areas with few supermarkets but numerous small stores stocking limited nutritious food items?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A food desert refers to areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food, often found in lower-income urban and rural areas.

5. All of the following are electrolytes except:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Iron is not an electrolyte; electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and chloride help maintain fluid balance and are critical for nerve and muscle function.

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