what physiologic states produces the clinical manifestations of nervous system stimulation and excitement such as overexcitability nervousness and tet
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. What physiologic state(s) produces the clinical manifestations of nervous system stimulation and excitement, such as overexcitability, nervousness, and tetany?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Both metabolic and respiratory alkalosis can cause overexcitability and nervous system stimulation due to a decrease in ionized calcium levels, which can cause symptoms such as tetany and paresthesias. Acidosis typically has the opposite effect, leading to depression of the nervous system.

2. A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.

3. The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs as do their other children. The nurse’s reply should be based on what?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cutting hot dogs into small, irregular pieces reduces the risk of aspiration, which is a significant choking hazard for young children.

4. Which of the following is a key feature of autism spectrum disorder?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Delayed speech development is a significant feature of autism spectrum disorder. Many children with autism exhibit delays in speech and language development, which can be one of the early signs of the condition. Hyperactivity, lack of interest in toys, and aggressive behavior are not key defining features of autism spectrum disorder. While some individuals with autism may exhibit these behaviors, they are not universally characteristic of the disorder.

5. What term is appropriate terminology to use for an infant whose intrauterine growth rate was slowed and whose birth weight falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine growth charts?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Small for gestational age.' A small for gestational age, or small-for-date, infant is any child whose intrauterine growth rate was slowed and whose birth weight falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine growth curves. Choices A and B, 'Postterm' and 'Postmature,' refer to infants born after 42 weeks of gestational age regardless of birth weight, and do not specifically address growth rate. Choice C, 'Low birth weight,' refers to infants with a birth weight less than 2500 g (5.5 pounds) regardless of gestational age, which is a different classification compared to being small for gestational age.

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