what physiologic states produces the clinical manifestations of nervous system stimulation and excitement such as overexcitability nervousness and tet
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. What physiologic state(s) produces the clinical manifestations of nervous system stimulation and excitement, such as overexcitability, nervousness, and tetany?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Both metabolic and respiratory alkalosis can cause overexcitability and nervous system stimulation due to a decrease in ionized calcium levels, which can cause symptoms such as tetany and paresthesias. Acidosis typically has the opposite effect, leading to depression of the nervous system.

2. What problem is most often associated with myelomeningocele?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hydrocephalus is the most commonly associated problem with myelomeningocele, present in 80% to 90% of affected children. Biliary atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula are not typically associated with myelomeningocele. Craniostenosis refers to the premature closing of cranial sutures and is not a common issue seen with myelomeningocele.

3. An infant requires surgery for repair of a cleft lip. An important priority of the preoperative nursing care is which?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Performing a baseline physical and behavioral assessment is crucial to determine the infant's current health status and to identify any potential risks before surgery.

4. A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine) are common findings in acute glomerulonephritis due to inflammation of the glomeruli. Bacteriuria and changes in specific gravity are not as directly associated with this condition.

5. In what condition should the nurse be alert for altered fluid requirements in children? (Select all that apply.)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Conditions like oliguric renal failure, increased intracranial pressure, and mechanical ventilation significantly alter fluid requirements in children. These conditions either restrict fluid output or require careful fluid management to avoid worsening the condition.

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