Nursing Elites

1. What nursing consideration is most important when caring for a child with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

• A. Children with ESRD usually adapt well to minor inconveniences of treatment.
• B. Children with ESRD require extensive support until they outgrow the condition.
• C. Multiple stresses are placed on children with ESRD and their families until the illness is cured.
• D. Multiple stresses are placed on children with ESRD and their families because children's lives are maintained by drugs and artificial means.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: ESRD places significant stress on both the child and the family due to the ongoing need for dialysis, medications, and lifestyle restrictions, making it important for healthcare providers to offer extensive support and resources to manage these challenges.

2. What play activities should the nurse implement to encourage fluid intake for a child? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Have a tea party.
• B. Use a crazy straw.
• C. Cut gelatin into fun shapes.
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Encouraging fluid intake can be fun and engaging through activities like having a tea party, using a crazy

3. The school nurse is explaining to older school children that obesity increases the risk for which disorders? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Asthma
• B. Hypertension
• C. Dyslipidemia
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Obesity increases the risk for conditions like asthma, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and altered glucose metabolism, but not typically irritable bowel disease.

4. A new parent, when asked by a nurse, explains that the 4-month-old infant has been nursing regularly every 3 to 4 hours and seems satisfied. However, the parent recently introduced solid food in the form of unbuttered popcorn to the infant as a supplement. What should be the primary nursing concern in this situation?

• A. Imbalanced nutrition, more than body requirements, related to introduction of a high-calorie food
• B. Risk for aspiration related to feeding the infant an inappropriate food
• C. Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to introduction of a low-nutritive food
• D. Readiness for enhanced nutrition, related to the age of the infant

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary nursing concern in this situation is the risk for aspiration. Popcorn is a choking hazard for infants, as their airway is not fully developed to handle solid foods like popcorn. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the main focus should be on the immediate risk of aspiration due to the inappropriate solid food given to the infant, rather than on nutritional imbalances or readiness for enhanced nutrition.

5. The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. Which fine or gross motor developmental skill demonstrates the proximodistal acquisition of skills?

• A. Standing
• B. Sitting without assistance
• C. Fully developed pincer grasp
• D. Taking a few steps holding onto something

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The development of a pincer grasp reflects fine motor skills, which develop in a proximodistal pattern (from the center of the body outward).

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