what is the primary treatment goal for a child with nephrotic syndrome
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

1. What is the primary treatment goal for a child with nephrotic syndrome?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reduce proteinuria. In nephrotic syndrome, the primary treatment goal is to reduce proteinuria to prevent further kidney damage. Lowering blood pressure (choice B) is important in managing some types of kidney disease but is not the primary treatment goal in nephrotic syndrome. Increasing urine output (choice C) and preventing infections (choice D) are important aspects of supportive care but are not the primary treatment goal for nephrotic syndrome.

2. A new parent, when asked by a nurse, explains that the 4-month-old infant has been nursing regularly every 3 to 4 hours and seems satisfied. However, the parent recently introduced solid food in the form of unbuttered popcorn to the infant as a supplement. What should be the primary nursing concern in this situation?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary nursing concern in this situation is the risk for aspiration. Popcorn is a choking hazard for infants, as their airway is not fully developed to handle solid foods like popcorn. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the main focus should be on the immediate risk of aspiration due to the inappropriate solid food given to the infant, rather than on nutritional imbalances or readiness for enhanced nutrition.

3. What interventions should be implemented to maintain the skin integrity of a preterm infant born at 30 weeks?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct intervention to maintain the skin integrity of a preterm infant born at 30 weeks is to bathe the infant with sterile water. Bathing with sterile water or a neutral pH solution is recommended to protect the delicate skin of preterm infants, which is more permeable and prone to damage. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as avoiding cleaning the skin may lead to hygiene issues, cleansing with alkaline-based soap can be harsh on the delicate skin, and thoroughly rinsing with plain water after bathing may not be as gentle and protective for preterm infants.

4. What is an essential nursing care intervention for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Raising the patient’s head and giving nothing by mouth is crucial in managing tracheoesophageal fistula. This intervention helps prevent aspiration and further complications until surgical correction can be performed. Feeding the neonate or suctioning could exacerbate the condition by risking aspiration. Elevating the head for feedings does not address the primary concern of preventing oral intake, making it less appropriate than the correct answer.

5. The nurse is assisting a child with celiac disease to select foods from a menu. What foods should the nurse suggest?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Corn on the cob with butter. Corn is a gluten-free option suitable for children with celiac disease. Choice A is incorrect because the bun contains gluten, so suggesting a hamburger patty without the bun is a better option. Choice B is not ideal as spaghetti often contains gluten, but spaghetti with marinara sauce could be a safer choice if the spaghetti is gluten-free. Choice D, rice cakes with hummus, is a gluten-free alternative, but corn on the cob is a more straightforward and common choice for children.

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