ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. What is the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin called?
- A. Chordee
- B. Phimosis
- C. Epispadias
- D. Hypospadias
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Phimosis is the condition where the foreskin cannot be fully retracted over the glans penis due to a narrowing of the preputial opening. Chordee, epispadias, and hypospadias are different conditions involving the penis's structure.
2. A mother brings 6-month-old Eric to the clinic for a well-baby checkup. She comments, "I want to go back to work, but I don't want Eric to suffer because I'll have less time with him." Which is the nurse's most appropriate answer?
- A. "I'm sure he'll be fine if you get a good babysitter."
- B. "You will need to stay home until Eric starts school."
- C. "Let's talk about the childcare options that will be best for Eric."
- D. "You should go back to work so Eric will get used to being with others."
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The best approach is to discuss childcare options that would suit Eric's needs, allowing the mother to make an informed decision without guilt or pressure.
3. While making rounds, the nurse observes the following client behaviors. Which child should the nurse further evaluate for postoperative pain?
- A. The 6-month-old in deep sleep
- B. The 2-year-old who is cooperative when the nurse takes vital signs
- C. The 4-year-old who is actively watching cartoons
- D. The 14-month-old who is screaming and thrashing his arms and legs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because screaming and thrashing his arms and legs are indicative behaviors of discomfort or pain in young children. The child's actions suggest a higher likelihood of experiencing postoperative pain and necessitate further evaluation. Choices A, B, and C do not exhibit overt signs of distress or discomfort associated with pain, making them less likely candidates for postoperative pain assessment.
4. The clinic nurse is teaching parents about physiologic anemia that occurs in infants. What statement should the nurse include about the cause of physiologic anemia?
- A. Maternally derived iron stores are depleted in the first 2 months.
- B. Fetal hemoglobin results in a shortened survival of red blood cells.
- C. The production of adult hemoglobin decreases in the first year of life.
- D. Low levels of fetal hemoglobin depress the production of erythropoietin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Physiologic anemia is caused by the transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin, with fetal hemoglobin having a shorter lifespan, leading to a temporary decrease in red blood cells.
5. Ongoing fluid losses can overwhelm the child’s ability to compensate, resulting in shock. What early clinical sign precedes shock?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Slow respirations
- C. Warm, flushed skin
- D. Decreased blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early sign of shock as the body tries to maintain cardiac output in the face of declining circulatory volume. Blood pressure often remains normal until late in the progression, at which point decompensated shock is occurring.
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